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Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cyclopsettidae (Sand whiffs)
Etymology: Citharichthys: Latin, cithara = lire like instrument + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 18 - 347 m (Ref. 9330). Subtropical; - 22°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Manhattan Beach in southern California, USA to Gulf of California.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9330)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal soft rays (total): 76 - 93; Anal soft rays: 63 - 72; Vertebrae: 36 - 38. Pectoral fin on ocular side with 10-12 rays, blind side with 9-10 rays (Ref. 35997).

Lives on sandy bottoms.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 April 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 8.8 - 18.5, mean 14.6 °C (based on 36 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00407 - 0.01414), b=3.18 (3.02 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Generation time: 1.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Citharichthys fragilis Gilbert, 1890