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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Etymology: Hippoglossoides: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue + Suffix oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Gill & Townsend.
Issue
Validity in question and probably represents the Arctic populations of Hippoglossoides elassodon (its senior synonym) according to Vinnikov et al., 2018 (Ref. 122998:158).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); ωκεανόδρομο(ς) (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους 0 - 530 m (Ref. 117245), usually ? - 150 m (Ref. 6793). Temperate; 77°N - 43°N, 135°E - 131°W (Ref. 117245)
North Pacific: Hokkaido, Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk north to northeast of Cape Lisburne, south to northwest of Akutan Island, Aleutian chain, Alaska. Arctic Canada.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 559)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 67 - 80; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 51 - 62. Mouth large; teeth on each jaw uniserial; anterior teeth on each jaw somewhat enlarged, not canine-like; upper eye completely lateral; upper surfaces of eyeballs not scaled; interorbital space narrow, not ridged, and covered with several scale rows; caudal fin slightly rounded (Ref. 559).
Benthic (Ref. 58426). Minimum depth reported at 0m (Ref. 50550).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Cooper, J.A. and F. Chapleau, 1998. Monophyly and intrarelationships of the family Pleuronectidae (Pleuronectiformes), with a revised classification. Fish. Bull. 96(4):686-726. (Ref. 30193)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): -1.6 - 5.8, mean 0.1 °C (based on 981 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00453 - 0.01057), b=3.12 (2.99 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (tmax=11; k=0.21).
Prior r = 0.82, 95% CL = 0.54 - 1.23, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
