Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; স্বাদু পানি; ঈষৎ লোনা তলদেশ বিহারী; এ্যামফিড্রমাস (Ref. 40808); গভীরতার পরিসীমা 0 - 75 m (Ref. 57178), usually 50 - 60 m (Ref. 51483). Subtropical; 5°C - 22°C (Ref. 13614); 43°N - 9°N, 79°W - 74°W (Ref. 57273)
Western Central Atlantic: Massachusetts to Florida, throughout the Gulf of Mexico, to Panama.
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 7251); common length : 11.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 12193); সর্বোচ্চ উলি্ল্লখিত বয়স : 7 বৎসর (Ref. 51483)
Adults inhabit coastal waters. They also enter fresh waters, going hundreds of miles upstream. Migrate downstream to spawn in spring (Ref. 36739). Larvae move upstream after hatching (Ref. 36739). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 57178.
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.4 - 24.5, mean 17.2 °C (based on 60 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00764 - 0.02276), b=3.07 (2.92 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 5.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (tm=1; tmax=7; K=0.21(?)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 110 [48, 247] mg/100g; Iron = 0.938 [0.463, 1.756] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.8, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.226 [0.110, 0.434] g/100g; Selenium = 19.6 [9.7, 42.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16 [5, 56] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.964 [0.630, 1.421] mg/100g (wet weight);
