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Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - 104 m (Ref. 52034). 温带; 24°S - 50°S, 80°E - 120°W (Ref. 52034)
Southwest Pacific: Australia and New Zealand (Ref. 115213). Occurrence in Thailand and the Philippines (Ref. 43081) needs verification.
西南太平洋: 澳洲与纽西兰。 次级保育类动物.(参考文献 30915) 在泰国与菲律宾 (参考文献 43081) 的发生需要确认。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm OT 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6787); common length : 18.0 cm OT 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9003)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 25 - 31; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 4.
描述: (以 17件标本为依据): 成鱼的高度: 8.0-32.0 公分; 环: 12-13+47(45-48)
吻的长度: 2.6(2.2-3.2) 分之一头长; 背鳍鳍条: 27-28(25-29)个覆盖 4+1个环; 胸鳍鳍条: 15-17; 尾鳍不存在; 冠: 低又三角形的楔子; 棘: 只有的低又圆形的肿块。
其他的显着特性: (非常) 突出的圆形眼棘; 时常有厚的依附于头部区域的叶; 非常深的身体有龙骨脊;(尤其雌性) 成熟的雄鱼有非常突出的 (通常白色的) 孵卵袋。
彩色斑纹: 灰白的, 在白色到有斑点的黄色到可变的褐色附近; 在头部与躯干上的深色的斑点与污点; 尾部有交互的深色与淡色的条纹; 背鳍有斑点的; 雄鱼有的黑色斑块比雌性多而且通常有一个在小袋 34 的顶端附近的黄色的斜线.
Found in large rock pools at low tide. They remain motionless amidst seaweed. Juveniles are pelagic (Ref. 30915) or attached to drifting seaweeds (Ref. 31838). Feed on minute crustaceans (e.g. copepods and amphipods). Nocturnal (Ref. 9003). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Seen in groups at night. Also around jetties and other man-made objects; attached to sponges and colonial hydroids in deeper water (Ref. 30915). Length measurements refer to height (= TL - head length).
This is the largest seahorse species in southeastern Australia, and has more dorsal fin rays and tail rings than any other seahorse (Ref. 31838). Sold locally and internationally for the aquarium trade (Ref. 31838). Dried and sold to the Oriental medicine trade as a tonic and aphrodisiac (Ref. 5316, 34026).
在低潮发现于大的岩石区潮池了。 他们在海草当中保持不动。 稚鱼是大洋性的 (参考文献 30915) 或依附于漂流的海草。 (参考文献 31838) 捕食细小的甲壳动物 (例如桡脚类的动物与片脚类动物) 。 夜行的.(参考文献 9003) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 205) 雄鱼带卵在一个孵卵袋是在尾部下面发现.(参考文献 205) 聚集成群在晚上了。 也突堤与其他的人造目标的周围; 依附于海绵与群体的水息虫在深水中了。 (参考文献 30915) 长度测量指的是高度 (= TL- 头长).
這是在澳洲東南部最大的海馬種, 而且超過任何其他的海馬有更多的背鰭鰭條與尾環。 (參考文獻 31838) 地方性地而且國際性地為水族貿易販賣。 (參考文獻 31838) 乾製而且賣到東方的藥貿易作為一個補品與春藥.(參考文獻 5316,34026)
Several subsequent broods are carried by the male in a brood pouch during the spawning season. Do not obviously pair, as other seahorses do (Ref. 30915). Fertilised eggs deposited by females in the pouch of males are incubated for about four weeks before hatching (Ref. 31838). Hatching occurs at night, coinciding with full moon periods during summer months (Ref. 31838). Young emerge from the pouch and immediately rise to the surface where they grasp floating debris with their tail (Ref. 31838).西南太平洋: 澳洲与纽西兰。 次级保育类动物.(参考文献 30915) 在泰国与菲律宾 (参考文献 43081) 的发生需要确认。 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.1 - 19.8, mean 17 °C (based on 322 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tm=1; Assuming annual Fec<1000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.4 [38.8, 114.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.447 [0.279, 0.744] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [16.8, 18.9] %; Omega3 = 0.543 [0.315, 0.933] g/100g; Selenium = 15.8 [7.9, 37.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.31 [3.19, 26.90] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.702 [0.518, 0.958] mg/100g (wet weight);
