分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Nototheniidae (Cod icefishes) > Nototheniinae
Etymology: Notothenia: Greek, 'notos', ou; νοτος, ου), from the south + Greek, 'e 'eutheneia',as or 'euthenia', as (ευθενεια, ας; ευθενια, ας), abundance (P. Romero, pers.comm. 01/16); rossii: marmorata Greek marmor for marbled (Ref. 11892).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 5 - 350 m (Ref. 28106), usually 5 - 350 m (Ref. 28106). 极; -1°C - 5°C (Ref. 28106); 45°S - 67°S, 75°W - 165°E
Southern Ocean: northern end of the Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Arc, Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen, Heard and Macquarie islands, and Ob' and Lena banks.
南极海: 南极半岛，斯科舍岛弧，爱德华湖王子， Crozet 的北方末端 , Kerguelen, 听到与 Macquarie 岛 , 与鄂比河' 与莉娜浅堆。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 49.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 92.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5179); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2121); 最大体重: 10.0 kg (Ref. 5179); 最大年龄: 16 年 (Ref. 28106)
背棘 (总数) : 4 - 7; 背的软条 (总数) : 32 - 36; 臀鳍软条: 26 - 30.
The sexually immature members of the population stay in lesser depths, mainly in the shallow fjord bays. Yearlings feed mainly on mesozooplankton in the near surface zone (5-15 m). Immature and mature fish are benthic but stay in shallower depths (10-20 m). Sexually mature fish move out of the fjord to stay in the shelf zone. Spawn once a year (Ref. 89316). Maximum life span for males is 12 years (Ref. 28106).
族群的未成熟成员停留在较少的深度中, 主要在水浅的峡湾海湾。 满一岁的鱼在近表面的区域中主要捕食中型浮游动物。 (5-15 公尺) 不成熟与成熟的鱼是底栖的但是停留在深度较浅的地方 (10-20 公尺) 中. 性成熟鱼移出峡湾停留在大陆架区域中。 最大的寿命雄鱼是 12 年。 (参考文献 28106)
Mature females may spawn for the first time from around 6-8 years of age (Ref. 71843).南极海: 南极半岛，斯科舍岛弧，爱德华湖王子， Crozet 的北方末端 , Kerguelen, 听到与 Macquarie 岛 , 与鄂比河' 与莉娜浅堆。
Hureau, J.-C., 1985. Family Notothenidae - Antarctic rock cods. p. 323-385. In W. Fischer and J.C. Hureau (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Southern Ocean (Fishing areas 48, 58 and 88) (CCAMLR Convention Area). Rome, FAO. Vol. 2. (Ref. 2121)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.7 - 4.7, mean 2.1 °C (based on 140 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00480 - 0.00723), b=3.19 (3.13 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.5 (6.1 - 9.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 17
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.10-0.16; tmax=16; Fec=19,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (63 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.7 [10.3, 37.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.427 [0.187, 0.808] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [15.8, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.316 [0.187, 0.528] g/100g; Selenium = 18.1 [8.2, 38.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.2 [2.9, 56.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.35 [0.24, 0.52] mg/100g (wet weight);
