分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes)
舌鰨科 (Tonguefishes) > Cynoglossinae
Etymology: Cynoglossus: Greek, kyon = dog + Greek, odous = teeth + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 140 m (Ref. 9895). 熱帶
Indo-West Pacific: India eastward to the Malay Archipelago and the South China Sea, southward to the Philippines and northwest Australia; eastward to New Guinea (Ref. 9895). A related species, Cynoglossus gilchristi Regan, 1920 is recorded from Madagascar, the holotype (BMNH n°1903.9.29:2) being from Natal, off Umlanga River (Ref. 6806).
印度-西太平洋: 印度向東至馬來列島與南中國海, 向南至菲律賓與澳洲西北部; 向東至新幾內亞。 (參考文獻 9895) 一個相關的種, Cynoglossus gilchristi Regan,1920 從馬達加斯加被記錄, 來自納塔爾又外海的 Umlanga 河的 holotype(BMNH n ° 1903.9.29:2) 存在.(參考文獻 6806)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 48637); common length : 9.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9895)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 90 - 100; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 72 - 78; 脊椎骨: 44 - 49. Ocular side yellow-brown. Dorsal and anal fins joined to caudal. Eyes both on the left side of the body, a narrow space separating them; asymmetrical mouth; rostral hook below mouth. Ocular side with 2 lateral lines. Only the left ventral fin present (Ref 28). With very irregular dark brown blotches, often forming irregular cross bands. Some rays of dorsal and anal fins dashed with dark brown. Scales ctenoid on both sides of body. Midlateral-line scales 78 to 99. Scale rows between lateral lines on eyed side 15 to 19 (Ref 9895).
有眼睛的一邊黃褐色。 背鰭與臀鰭連到了尾部的。 眼在身體的左邊上, 狹窄的空間分開他們; 不對稱的嘴; 在嘴之下的嘴鉤。 有眼睛的一邊具有 2條側線。 只有左邊的腹鰭存在的 (參考文獻 28). 具有非常不規則的深褐色的斑塊, 時常形成不規則的交叉配對條紋。 被急衝的背鰭與臀鰭的一些鰭條有深褐色的。 鱗片櫛鱗的在身體的兩邊上。 側面中央-線鱗片 78 到 99. 在有眼睛的一邊上的在側線之間的鱗片列 15 到 19(參考文獻 9895).
Found on the continental shelf over sandy and muddy bottoms. Occurs in the lower courses of flowing rivers and in estuaries (Ref. 12693, 48637). Feeds mostly on benthic invertebrates. Sold fresh, frozen, or dried salted in markets (Ref. 6806).
棲息於在沙泥底上的大陸棚了。 出現於流動河的下面路線與在河口.(參考文獻 12693) 大部份捕食底棲的無脊椎動物。 生鮮販賣了, 在市場中的冷凍 , 或乾燥鹽醃.(參考文獻 6806)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 印度向東至馬來列島與南中國海, 向南至菲律賓與澳洲西北部; 向東至新幾內亞。 (參考文獻 9895) 一個相關的種, Cynoglossus gilchristi Regan,1920 從馬達加斯加被記錄, 來自納塔爾又外海的 Umlanga 河的 holotype(BMNH n ° 1903.9.29:2) 存在.(參考文獻 6806)
Munroe, T.A., 2001. Cynoglossidae. Tonguesoles. p. 3890-3901. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9895)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.3 - 29.1, mean 28 °C (based on 2476 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00322 - 0.00854), b=3.09 (2.95 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.65).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
