分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 20 - 200 m (Ref. 28016), usually ? - 60 m (Ref. 90102). 热带; 27°N - 37°S, 29°E - 152°E
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea (Ref. 12541) south to the southeastern coast of South Africa and east to New Caledonia and Vanuatu. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Due to a widespread confusion with Sphyraena putnamae and Sphyraena qenie, the exact range is uncertain.
印度-西太平洋: 红海 (参考文献 12541) 南至南非的东南方海岸而且东至新加勒多尼亚与万那度。 最近记录自东加。 (参考文献 53797) 由于一广泛分布与 Sphyraena putnamae 与 Sphyraena qenie 混淆, 精确的范围不确定。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2871); common length : 120 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大体重: 11.5 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数) : 6; 背的软条 (总数) : 9; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 9. Body with dark bars crossing lateral line, each bar oblique in upper half, but nearly vertical in lower half; caudal fin largely yellowish.
身体有深色的横带横越侧线, 在上半部中的每个横带斜角, 但是几乎垂直在下半部中; 尾鳍相当淡黄色。
Found near prominent current-swept lagoon or seaward reefs (Ref. 9710); also in bays, estuaries and turbid inner lagoons (Ref. 9768). Diurnal and solitary, although the young form schools. Feeds mainly on fishes but also takes squid. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted. Reports of ciguatera poisoning need confirmation.
发现于靠近突出的水流冲刷的舄湖或临海礁石了;(参考文献 9710) 也在海湾, 河口与混浊的舄湖内部中.(参考文献 9768) 日行性与独居性, 虽然幼鱼形成鱼群。 主要吃鱼也捕食乌贼。 生鲜贩卖了, 冷冻或干燥盐腌。 有雪卡鱼毒中毒的报导需要证实。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 红海 (参考文献 12541) 南至南非的东南方海岸而且东至新加勒多尼亚与万那度。 最近记录自东加。 (参考文献 53797) 由于一广泛分布与 Sphyraena putnamae 与 Sphyraena qenie 混淆, 精确的范围不确定。
De Sylva, D.P. and F. Williams, 1986. Sphyraenidae. p. 721-726. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5491)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 28.5, mean 27.3 °C (based on 442 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00609 - 0.00862), b=2.92 (2.88 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.99 [4.90, 24.38] mg/100g; Iron = 0.237 [0.110, 0.480] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [18.5, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.0926 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 48.2 [21.0, 111.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 34.4 [8.7, 183.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.458 [0.304, 0.776] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
