分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Scaridae (Parrotfishes)
鸚哥魚科 (Parrotfishes) > Scarinae
Etymology: Scarus: Greek, skaros = a fish described by anciente writers as a parrot fish; 1601 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 37816). 熱帶; 30°N - 28°S, 94°E - 124°W
Pacific Ocean: Cocos (Ref. 9399) and Christmas (Ref. 30874) islands in the eastern Indian Ocean; then from Moluccas to the Tuamoto and Austral islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Shark Bay and the southern Great Barrier Reef and Rapa.
太平洋: 在東印度洋中的可可島 (參考文獻 9399) 與聖誕節 (參考文獻 30874) 島; 然後從模里西斯到， Tuamoto 與奧斯垂群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至鯊魚灣與大堡礁的南方與拉帕島。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9137); 30.0 cm TL (female)
背棘 (总数) : 9; 背的软条 (总数) : 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 9. Scales large. 4 median predorsal scales; 2 scale rows on cheek. Caudal fin slightly rounded in initial phase, retained in terminal males with protruding lobes giving a double emarginate effect. Lips cover or nearly cover dental plates. Initial-phase fish without canines; terminal males usually with 1 upper canine and 2 on lower. The initial phase is characterized by a series of irregular dark chevrons which may be difficult to see on dark individuals (Ref. 1602). The basic color may range from a pale gray to a deep mahogany (Ref. 1602). Large initial phase fish develop the dark greenish markings around the lip found in the terminal phase (Ref. 1602).
鳞片大的。 4个中央的前背鳞片; 在颊上的 2 鳞片列。 尾鳍略圆的在被保留在中的最初的阶段中末期雄鱼有提供边缘有双凹痕的效果的凸出的叶。 唇覆盖或者几乎覆盖牙齿的碟。 没有犬齿的起始阶段的鱼; 末期的雄鱼通常有 1个上面的犬齿与 2 低的之上。 最初的阶段特徵为一系列的不规则的深色锯齿形那可能是困难的在深色的个体身上见.(参考文献 1602) 基本的颜色可能范围从一灰白色对深赤褐色.(参考文献 1602) 大的最初阶段鱼发育唇的周围深色的呈绿色的斑纹发现于最后阶段了.(参考文献 1602)
Inhabits lagoon and seaward reefs from 1 to over 50 m depth. Adults are common in areas with rich coral and high vertical relief (Ref. 9710, 48636). A solitary species (Ref. 90102). Juveniles may school with other species. Form feeding aggregations on rubble and mixed rubble-coral slopes rather than on flats. Females often in schools of mixed species when feeding, males usually seen separate (Ref. 48636). Feeds on benthic algae (Ref. 89972). Males exhibit territorial tendencies.
栖息于泻湖与临海礁石从 1 到超过 50 公尺深。 成鱼是常见于区域具有珊瑚丰富的与高垂直起伏的地区.(参考文献 9710,48636) 稚鱼可能与其他的种一起群游。 在碎石与混合着碎石与珊瑚的斜坡上形成觅食群集而不是平坦的之上。 雌性时常在混合的种鱼群中当进食, 雄性通常个别地被见到.(参考文献 48636) 雄性展现具有领域性趋向。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).太平洋: 在東印度洋中的可可島 (參考文獻 9399) 與聖誕節 (參考文獻 30874) 島; 然後從模里西斯到， Tuamoto 與奧斯垂群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至鯊魚灣與大堡礁的南方與拉帕島。
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 28.8, mean 27.6 °C (based on 432 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.01096 - 0.02514), b=3.03 (2.91 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.22).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.2 [23.6, 62.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.715 [0.503, 1.097] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.5, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0925 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 20.5 [12.5, 32.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.7 [16.6, 172.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.23 [1.68, 2.88] mg/100g (wet weight);
