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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Soleidae (Soles)
Etymology: More on author: Regan.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 8 - 100 m (Ref. 2683). Tropical; 12°N - 17°S

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Eastern Atlantic: Guinea-Bissau to Angola. Reported from the Gambia River (Ref. 28587).

Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 5304)

Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 2683). Minimum depth from Ref. 58018.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

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Desoutter, M., 1990. Soleidae. p. 1037-1049. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5304)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

Daten mangelhaft (DD) ; Date assessed: 15 July 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 19.2 - 27.9, mean 26 °C (based on 84 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00473 - 0.02021), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Vanstraelenia chirophthalma (Regan, 1915)