分類 / Names
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Teleostei >
Perciformes/Cottoidei (Sculpins)
鮋形目 (Sculpins) >
Anoplopomatidae (Sablefishes)
黑鮋科 (Sablefishes)
Etymology: Anoplopoma: Greek, ana = up + Greek, oplon = shield + Greek, poma, -atos = cover (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Pallas.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 175 - 2740 m (Ref. 6793), usually 175 - 1450 m (Ref. 10935). 深水域; 64°N - 23°N, 141°E - 109°W
North Pacific: Bering Sea coasts of Kamchatka, Russia and Alaska southward to Hatsu Shima Island, southern Japan and Cedros Island, central Baja California, Mexico in the eastern Pacific.
北太平洋: 勘察加的白令海海岸, 俄國與阿拉斯加州向南至 Hatsu Shima 島，日本南部與塞德羅斯島，中央的墨西哥的下加利福尼亞。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 60.3, range 58 - 62 cm
Max length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9988); common length : 80.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9988); 最大年齡: 94 年 (Ref. 55701)
背棘 (總數) : 19 - 27; 背的軟條 (總數) : 16 - 20; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 15 - 19. Dorsal fins well separated; 2nd dorsal fin sub equal to anal fin in size and form, and opposite in position. Reaches over 1 m in SL.
背鰭分得很開; 第二背鰭鰭大小與型式與臀鰭約略相等, 而且相對於位置。 達到超過 1 公尺 SL 。
Adults found on mud bottoms, from 305 (Ref. 2850) to 2,740 m depth (Ref. 2850). Young-of-the-year juveniles are pelagic and found on the surface and near-shore waters (Ref. 28499). Generally localized, but some juveniles have been found to migrate over 2,000 miles in 6 or 7 years (Ref. 28499). Feed on crustaceans, worms and small fishes (Ref. 4925). Most of the catch is marketed in Japan (Ref. 28499). Utilized fresh, dried or salted and smoked (Ref. 9988), can be steamed, pan-fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). The liver oil is rich in vitamin A and D (Ref. 4925). Reported to reach 57 kg in Ref. 2850.
成魚發現於泥底了, 從 305(參考文獻 2850) 到 2,740 公尺深。 (參考文獻 2850) 當年的幼魚稚魚是大洋性的而且發現於表面與近岸水域。 (參考文獻 28499) 通常本土化，但是一些稚魚曾經發現在 6 或 7 年內 2,000 哩處上移動。 (參考文獻 28499) 捕食甲殼動物，蠕蟲與小魚。 (參考文獻 4925) 大部分的捕捉在日本被在市場上銷售.(參考文獻 28499) 生鮮使用, 乾燥或鹽醃而且煙燻 (參考文獻 9988), 能被蒸, 油鍋炸的﹐火烤的, 煮沸了, 微波了而且燒烤了.(參考文獻 9988) 肝油是豐富的在維他命一與 D.(參考文獻 4925)
北太平洋: 勘察加的白令海海岸, 俄國與阿拉斯加州向南至 Hatsu Shima 島，日本南部與塞德羅斯島，中央的墨西哥的下加利福尼亞。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 養殖: 將來有可能使用; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.4 - 5.5, mean 2.5 °C (based on 599 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.2500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00784 - 0.01533), b=2.99 (2.89 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.8 (4.9 - 7.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 23
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (K=0.2; tm=6; Fec=100,000; tmax=94).
Prior r = 0.11, 95% CL = 0.07 - 0.16, Based on 10 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.1 [9.1, 38.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.46 [0.23, 0.90] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.567 [0.254, 1.631] g/100g; Selenium = 32.5 [14.5, 79.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.27 [1.99, 36.01] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.27 [0.18, 0.42] mg/100g (wet weight);
