分類 / Names
共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 底生の漂泳性; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 2059)
Asia: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Yunnan in China.
サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 31.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 4833); common length : 15.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 6028)
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Found in ponds, swamps, brackish water (Ref. 6028), ditches and beels (Ref. 1479). Adults prefer stagnant waters in muddy streams (Ref. 4833). Feed on worms, insects and small fish (Ref. 6028). Accept chopped fish and shrimp in the aquarium. Breed throughout the year. Mitochondrial hypertrophy, noted in the double cone of the retina of this species, is considered a basic process in oil droplet formation (Ref. 10557) believed to be an adaptation for enhanced visual contrast detection in turbid waters (Ref. 10407). Used as live bait for angling larger snakeheads.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生
Spawning usually takes place at night in shallow water with a silty substrate. Eggs are laid in nests through elaborate tunnels in vegetated areas which look like vertical columns of water with the eggs floating in the center (Ref. 205). The male and female move towards the center of the nest during spawning where the male entwines his body to the female moving upward while releasing the eggs to be fertilised (Ref. 45309). Eggs are guarded by one or both parents. Hatching takes place in a day (Ref. 6028).
Pethiyagoda, R., 1991. Freshwater fishes of Sri Lanka. The Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo. 362 p. (Ref. 6028)
Human uses
水産業: 商業; 水産養殖: 商業; 水族館・水槽: 商業; 餌: occasionally
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00801 - 0.01307), b=2.98 (2.92 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.2 (0.9 - 2.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.2; Fec=2,300).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 144 [56, 374] mg/100g; Iron = 1.07 [0.71, 1.61] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [16.6, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.138 [0.069, 0.274] g/100g; Selenium = 29.4 [12.4, 70.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 55.9 [26.3, 115.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.27 [0.86, 1.81] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
