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> Myctophiformes (Lanternfishes) > Myctophidae (Lanternfishes) > Myctophinae
Etymology: Symbolophorus: Greek, symbolon, ou = mark, signal + Greek, pherein = to carry (Ref. 45335); californiensis: Named after California in the USA (Ref. 6885).
More on authors: Eigenmann & Eigenmann.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; djupintervall 557 - 1497 m (Ref. 27311). Subtropical; 55°N - 18°N, 131°E - 112°W

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

North Pacific: Japan, and from Alaska to Baja California, Mexico.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 11.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 559)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 13 - 15; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 19 - 21; Ryggkotor: 37 - 40. Adipose fin short based and slender; pectorals long, reaching beyond pelvic insertion but not reaching anus (Ref. 6885). Black dorsally, silvery on sides; dusky on bases of fins; light from photophores pale green (Ref. 6885). Branchiostegal rays: 9-10 (Ref. 31442).

Epipelagic to mesopelagic, at surface at night (Ref. 31442). Adults feed on small crustaceans (Ref. 11712). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 31442). Lipid content is 4.3 % in fresh body weight, while wax ester is present in trace amounts (Ref. 9197). Preyed upon by fishes, cephalopods, birds and marine mammals. Easily attracted to a light suspended above the water at night and many are captured in dipnets (Ref. 4525).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Oviparous (Ref. 31442).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : Paxton, John | Medarbetare

Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 June 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer

Ecology
Ekologi

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Reproduktion
Maturities
Fecundities
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Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larver
Larvdynamik

Distribution
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Anatomy
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Otoliths

Physiology
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Nutrients
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Swimming type
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Visual pigment(s)
Fiskljud
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
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Human related
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Vattenbruksprofiler
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Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

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Taxonomy
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References
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 3.4 - 5.2, mean 4.3 °C (based on 28 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00297 - 0.01609), b=3.13 (2.93 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.27 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.4).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).

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Symbolophorus californiensis (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889)