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اسامي عام | مترادف | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
(كوسه ها و سپرماهيان) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Potamotrygonidae (River stingrays) > Potamotrygoninae
Etymology: Potamotrygon: Greek, potamos = river + Greek, trygon = a sting ray (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Castelnau.
Issue
Reproductive biology unknown. A large female weighing some 15 kg gave birth to one pup of 12.5 cm DW, according to Rosa (1985a). Rare in scientific collections, but frequently commercialized by aquarium industry. Highly endemic distribution may render this species as being endangered. Additional references: Bertin (1939), Sérét & McEachran (1986), Compagno & Cook (1995), Rosa & Menezes (1996).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; آب شيرين موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; pH range: 5.8 - 7.2; dH range: 4 - 15. Tropical; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468)
South America: Tocantins River basin (Tocantins and Araguaia rivers).
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm WD جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 36687)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Two to three live offsping are produced.
Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): خیلی آهسته, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت بيش از 14 سال (Fec =2-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).