Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển; Thuộc về nước lợ gần đáy. Tropical; 25°N - 9°S, 61°E - 133°E
Indo-West Pacific: Malay Archipelago to Philippines, and westward to Myanmar, Bangladesh, and India (West Bengal) to Pakistan (Ref. 9895).
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 9895); common length : 12.5 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 9895)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 95 - 102; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 72 - 78. Dorsolateral line usually undulating. No dark blotches or irregular cross bands on body. Eyed-side lower jaw with crenulate fleshy ridge comprised of several folds, or jaw with a single broadly triangular-shaped fleshy ridge (Ref 9895).
Inhabits muddy and sandy bottoms, often in shallow areas, including river estuaries and brackish waters. Feeds on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 12693). Marketed mostly fresh and frozen; also dried-salted (Ref. 9895).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Menon, A.G.K. and S. Monkolprasit, 1974. Cynoglossidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (fishing area 57) and Western Central Pacific (fishing area 71). Rome, FAO. Vol. II, pag. var. (Ref. 2107)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại
Các công cụ
Special reports
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Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.2 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 970 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00483 - 0.02731), b=2.99 (2.77 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).