分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Plectorhinchinae
Etymology: Plectorhinchus: Greek, plektos = plaited + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). 热带; 31°N - 23°S, 57°E - 144°W
Indo_West Pacific: Maldives (Ref. 11303) and Cocos Islands (Ref. 9399); Sumatra to Fiji (Ref. 9710) and New Caledonia, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Rowley Shoals.
印度洋: 马尔地夫 (参考文献 11303) 与科科斯群岛.(参考文献 9399) 西太平洋: 苏门答腊到斐济 (参考文献 9710) 与新加勒多尼亚, 北至琉球群岛, 南至罗雷浅滩。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 40 - ? cm
Max length : 72.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 60.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 37816); 最大体重: 7.0 kg (Ref. 9710)
背棘 (总数): 11 - 12; 背的软条 (总数): 18-20; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 9. This species is distinguished by the following characters: chin with 6 pores, no median pit; gill rakers on first gill arch 9-12 + 1 + 27-32 = 36-43; D XII (rarely XI),18-20; longest dorsal-fin ray 16-25% of standard length, almost equal to length of soft dorsal-fin base in small specimens, more than 1/2 length of soft dorsal-fin base in adults; lips fleshy, moderately swollen with age; scales ctenoid (rough to touch); lateral line tubed scales about 52-59; body depth 2.4-2.5 in SL; caudal fin deeply forked with broadly rounded lobes in juveniles; only slightly forked to emarginate in adults. Colour of body with numerous dark brown spots, generally larger than pupil; pelvic fins spotted, darkening with age; juveniles brownish with large, well-defined creamy white blotches on body that include brown spots with age; colour gradually changing into a greyish background with large, deep brown spots (Ref. 47695, 90102).
稚鱼褐色的有大的白色斑块。 变成更多斑点的随着年龄, 彻底改变从白色到黑色的有斑点的在过程中。 较深的身体相较于了其他大部分的在本属中.(参考文献 48635)
Inhabits coral-rich areas of clear lagoon and seaward reefs. Adults are solitary, near and under ledges or caves by day. Juveniles are found among corals (Ref. 9710). Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks, and fishes at night. Juveniles are used in the aquarium industry (Ref. 9137). Small juveniles may mimic a toxic flatworm (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh, a small quantity is salted. Large fish have coarse and dry flesh (Ref. 47695).
栖息于清澈的泻湖与临海礁石的珊瑚礁繁盛区域。 成鱼是独居性的, 白天在岩架或洞穴附近或下面。 稚鱼在珊瑚之中被发现。 (参考文献 9710) 吃甲壳动物，软件动物与鱼在晚上。 稚鱼被用于水族馆业。 (参考文献 9137) 小的稚鱼会拟态一个有毒的扁形虫。 (参考文献 9710)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).印度洋: 马尔地夫 (参考文献 11303) 与科科斯群岛.(参考文献 9399) 西太平洋: 苏门答腊到斐济 (参考文献 9710) 与新加勒多尼亚, 北至琉球群岛, 南至罗雷浅滩。
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2654 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.01078 - 0.02935), b=2.97 (2.83 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.4 [10.8, 51.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.448 [0.229, 0.851] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.4, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0978 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 32.8 [16.8, 63.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 42.6 [12.0, 152.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.972 [0.626, 1.520] mg/100g (wet weight);
