Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro associati a barriera corallina; distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 40 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: India to China, Philippines, Papua New Guinea and Australia. Reported from Vanuatu (Ref. 13300).
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 4690)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 13 - 14; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 6; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 5. A drab species, usually brownish grey to reddish brown with a pattern of fine lines across the caudal fin. Eyes well elevated compared to the reef stonefish S. verrucosa (Ref. 48635).
Inhabits coastal reefs and estuaries (Ref. 9710). Makes a shallow depression by scooping up sand or mud with its pectoral fins until it is piled up around the sides of its body. Lies motionless on sandy bottom areas. Comes out at night and often moves on top of reefs (Ref. 48635). In Guinness Book of Records as most venomous fish (Ref. 6472). Solitary in coral rubble and rocks, extremely difficult to detect (Ref 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale; Acquario: Acquari pubblici
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.4 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 874 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.00615 - 0.04280), b=3.05 (2.82 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.8 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Molto basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione più di 14 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35.7 [17.6, 70.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.558 [0.288, 1.280] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.6, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.19 [0.08, 0.49] g/100g; Selenium = 32.4 [16.6, 74.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 125 [40, 395] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.21 [0.84, 1.76] mg/100g (wet weight);
