分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Squaliformes (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) >
Etmopteridae (Lantern sharks)
Etymology: Etmopterus: Greek, ethmos, -ou = sieve or ethmoides bone + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 深度上下限 220 - 1620 m (Ref. 44037), usually 400 - 600 m (Ref. 124555). 深水域; 29°S - 59°S
Indian Ocean, Southern Pacific and Southern Atlantic (Ref. 106604). Reported from off the western Cape coast but the identity of South African specimens is questionable (Ref. 127434).
東南太平洋與西南大西洋: 智利南部，阿根廷南部與福克蘭群島記錄來自西方岬海岸外了，但是南非標本的鑑定是可疑的。 (正確的名稱可能是 新西蘭烏鯊〔Etmopterus baxteri〕 Garrick,1957) 在西太平洋的出現不確定的.(參考文獻 31367) 東半球記錄可疑的 (Compagno 1999, pers. comm.)。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - 75 cm
Max length : 86.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 122636); 最大體重: 3.6 kg (Ref. 122636)
背棘 (總數) : 2; 臀棘: 0. A large, heavy-bodied lanternshark with a big head (Ref. 5578), bladelike unicuspidate teeth in lower jaw and teeth with cusps and cusplets in upper jaw, stocky body, conspicuous lines of denticles on body, conspicuous black markings on underside of body and tail, with tail marking short and not extending far posteriorly (Ref. 247). Dark brown or black in color, possibly darker below (Ref. 26346).
一個大又身體重的烏鯊具有一個大的頭部 (參考文獻 5578), 刀葉狀的單尖端的齒在下頜中而且上頜齒有牙尖與小灘角, 矮胖的身體 , 顯著的細齒線在身體上, 顯著的黑色斑紋在身體與尾部的下面上, 尾部印記短而不是遙遠地在後部延伸.(參考文獻 247) 深褐色或黑色的, 可能下面較黑.(參考文獻 26346)
Found on outermost continental shelves and upper slopes (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fishes including lanternfish, barracudina, synaphobranchid eels, oreo dories, hake, rattails, bathylagids, idiacanthids; also on squids (including histioteuthids and ommastrephids), octopuses, euphausiids, mysids, penaeid shrimp, salps, sponges and ribbonworms (Nemertina) (Ref. 124555). Bioluminescence observed, with the dorsal photophores, flank markings, and brighter pectoral fin and claspers are likely to be used for intraspecific communications and the ventrally emitted light is likely to be used for counterillumination (Ref. 123656). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with 10-13 in a litter, size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871) to possibly 30 cm (Ref. 124555), Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 247.
棲息於最外的大陸棚與上層斜坡了。 (參考文獻 247) 吃硬骨魚，烏賊，蝦與螃蟹。 (參考文獻 5578) 卵胎生的 (參考文獻 205), 藉由 10-13 一胎, 大小出生時大約 18 公分.(參考文獻 6871) 最小深度報告取自參考文獻 247.
Ovoviviparous, with 10-13 in a litter (Ref. 6871). Size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).東南太平洋與西南大西洋: 智利南部，阿根廷南部與福克蘭群島記錄來自西方岬海岸外了，但是南非標本的鑑定是可疑的。 (正確的名稱可能是 新西蘭烏鯊〔Etmopterus baxteri〕 Garrick,1957) 在西太平洋的出現不確定的.(參考文獻 31367) 東半球記錄可疑的 (Compagno 1999, pers. comm.)。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
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漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.7 - 9.2, mean 3.2 °C (based on 174 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00291 - 0.00454), b=3.08 (3.02 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 7.13 [1.44, 36.37] mg/100g; Iron = 0.343 [0.085, 1.239] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [16.8, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.328 [0.118, 1.004] g/100g; Selenium = 12.4 [3.4, 39.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [4.0, 113.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.385 [0.186, 0.758] mg/100g (wet weight);
