Teleostei (teleosts) >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes) >
Exocoetidae (Flyingfishes)
Etymology: Hirundichthys: latin, hirundo = swift; 1300 + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; pelagic-oceanic; depth range 0 - ? m. Subtropical
Distribution
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Circumglobal: Southern Hemisphere. Southeastern part of the area (most northern
record off Baia dos Tigres, Angola) (Ref. 109257); Ascension I. (Ref. 98447).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 109257)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 13; Anal soft rays: 11 - 13; Vertebrae: 44 - 47. This species is distinguished by the following characters: elongated body nearly rectangular in cross-section, almost flat ventrally, its depth 5.5-7.1 times in standard length (SL): vertebrae 44-47; predorsal scales 26-32; scales in transverse row 5.5-7.5, usually 6-6.5; head 4.5-5.1 times in SL: eye 2.8-3.0 times in head; subequal jaws conspicuous and conical teeth; no palatine teeth; gill rakers on first arch 25-32; low dorsal fin 10-13 rays; anal fin with 11-13 rays, originating slightly before, or 1-2 rays behind dorsal-fin origin; pectoral fins 1.2-1.4 times in SL, with 17-20 rays, first 2 rays unbranched; pelvic fins 2.7-3.5 in SL, inserted slightly nearer to posterior margin of opercle than origin of caudal-fin base; juveniles not barbelled; colour of body dark above and pale below, dorsal and caudal fins greyish, anal fin transparent, pectoral fins black without unpigmented cross-band and with a moderate light outer margin, pelvic fins without black spot; juveniles that are less than 10 cm are without vertical bands on body and with the dorsal, pectoral and pelvic fins not mottled with dark spots and bands (Ref. 109257).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Carpenter, K.E. and N. De Angelis (eds.), 2016. The living marine resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 3: Bony fishes part 1 (Elopiformes to Scorpaeniformes). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes, Rome, FAO. pp. 1511-2350. (Ref. 109257)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00292 - 0.01429), b=3.04 (2.84 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.1 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
