分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Diplospinus: Greek, diploos = twice + Latin, spina = spine, thorn (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 深度上下限 50 - 1000 m (Ref. 9784). 深水域; 42°N - 38°S, 180°W - 180°E
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in central water masses. Rather rare, but relatively abundant in the northwest and southeast Atlantic and southeast Pacific Ref. 6181).
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在中央的水域中。 相當稀有, 但是相當豐富的在西北與東南大西洋與東南的太平洋。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9784); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6181)
背棘 (总数) : 30 - 36; 背的软条 (总数) : 35 - 44; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 28 - 35; 脊椎骨: 57 - 64. Body is extremely elongate and compressed. Lower jaw extends anterior to upper jaw with a small conical dermal process. Upper jaw with 3 immovable and 3 or 4 movable fang-like teeth anteriorly. Lateral line situated closer to the ventral profile than the dorsal profile posteriorly. Color is silvery with narrow dark dotted lines along the body; the gill membranes are jet-black.
身体非常细长与扁长形。 下颌延伸位于上颌有一个小的锥形表皮的突起前。 上颌有 3 固定的与 3 或 4 前面地的可动尖牙状的齿。 位于的侧线更靠近腹的轮廓超过背部轮廓在后部地。 色彩是银色的有狭窄的深色虚线沿着身体; 鳃膜是墨黑色。
Oceanic, migrating upward at night to 100 to 200 m (Ref. 6181). Probably forming schools during daytime (Ref. 6181). Feed on crustaceans and small fish (Ref. 6181). Females mature at about 16 cm (Ref. 36731). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6766).
大洋性的, 移动向上的在晚上对 100 到 200 公尺.(参考文献 6181) 可能形成群体在白天期间。 (参考文献 6181) 吃甲壳动物与小鱼。 (参考文献 6181) 雌性在大约 16 公分时成熟。 (参考文献 36731)
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在中央的水域中。 相當稀有, 但是相當豐富的在西北與東南大西洋與東南的太平洋。
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.7 - 19.2, mean 13.1 °C (based on 808 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00163 - 0.00807), b=3.10 (2.91 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec=1,200).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
