Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 1 - 200 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 20°N - 35°S
Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania round the Cape to Natal, South Africa.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 26999)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 96 - 103; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 73 - 82. Small indistinct dark spots and markings on median fins, eyed side of body, head and pelvic fins (Ref. 4417).
Found on mud (Ref. 2683), sand and shell bottoms (Ref. 27121).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Aldebert, Y., M. Desoutter and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Bothidae. p. 1027-1036. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5979)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.9 - 26.8, mean 23.4 °C (based on 194 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00408 - 0.02036), b=3.05 (2.87 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).