FB-119 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=119 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Scombriformes Scombridae Scomberomorus Scomberomorus brasiliensis Collette, Russo & Zavala-Camin, 1978 Makrell Pir Makrela Makrela atlantycka Cavala Cavalla Sarda Korbazi Shkombri Skumbri Skusha Bacoréta Cavaya Kabaïlia Kaballa Kaval Maquereau Scomber Skambary Skambri Skombry Squomri Berdel Berdela Betandi Mujoi Pelikato Perikato Lacertu Tombulu Macrell Almindelig makrel Makrel Atlantische Makrele Gemeine Makrele Makrele Atlantic mackerel Joey Mackerel Split Harilik makrell makrell Makrelur Makrilli Pikkumakrilli Maquereau Maquereau commun Breac-varrey מקרל, מקרל אטלנטי Bokulja Lokarda Šira Škombar Skuša Makríll Agerto Bisaru Biseru Cavaglia Culeu Ganzariol Lacerta Lacerto Lacierte Lacierti Lacierto Lanciardo Laxertu Lenzard Macarello Maccarello Maccariedde Maccerello Occhioni Oracoli Palamitu Sbirru Scombro Scombru Scottoni Scrumm Scummaru Scurmi veri Scurmu Sgomere Sgommari Sgummero Sgummu Sgombro Strumbru Strumbu varatulu Strummu Stummu Tenna Hirasaba Marusaba Saba makrele skumbrė Kavall Pizzin Pizzintun Zigromblu Atlanticheskaya skumbriya Skumbria Skumbriya макрель скумбрия атлантическая Скумбрия обыкновенная Skusa Skuša Pinner Shiner Makrill Pir Uskumru Uskumru balığı Uskumruvonozu balığı Макрель Скумбрія атлантична Скумбрія чорноморська Ouo Caballa Caballa del Atlántico Maquereau bleu Verdel Xarda An ronnach Gewone makreel Macrou Makreel Paapje Rionnach Scoubri Scoumbri Scrumbie albastra Scrumbie albastră Skoumpri Skuša Verat Σκουμπρί Τσίρος 鲭(大西洋鲭) 鯖(大西洋鯖) Scomber glauciscus Pallas, 1814 Scomber punctatus Couch, 1849 Scomber scomber Linnaeus, 1758 Scomber scriptus Couch, 1863 Scomber vernalis Mitchill, 1815 Scomber vulgaris Fleming, 1828 Scomber vulgaris Wood, 1837 1990-10-17 2003-08-19 Pauly, D., A.C. 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(Ref. 95871) Miniconi, R.0 Complément à l'inventaire des poissons des eaux de Corse (1994-2011). Biologie - Pȇche - Localisation. Edition A Barcella Ajaccio, 50 p. (Ref. 96325) Sadio, O.0 Common names of some fish species in Senegal. Unpublished compilation of O. Sadio. (Ref. 98752) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Ulman, A., A Saad, K Zylich, D. Pauly and D. Zeller0 Reconstruction of Syria’s fisheries catches from 1950-2010: Signs of overexploitation. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 45(3):259-272. (Ref. 102582) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Wilhelms, I.0 Atlas of length-weight relationships of 93 fish and crustacean species from the North Sea and the North-East Atlantic (No. 12). 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Pauly0 A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628) Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717) ICES0 Mackerel (<i>Scomber scombrus</i>) in subareas 1-8 and 14, and in Division 9.a (the Northeast Atlantic and adjacent waters). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 119253) Mahé, K., E. Bellamy, J.-P. Delpech, C. Lazard, M. Salaun, Y. Vérin, F. Coppin and M. Travers-Trolet0 Evidence of a relationship between weight and total length of marine fish in the North-eastern Atlantic Ocean: physiological, spatial and temporal variations. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98(3):627-625. (Ref. 119547) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro, K.M. Kleisner and H. Winker0 Estimating fisheries reference points from catch and resilience. Fish and Fisheries 18(3):506-526. (Ref. 120179) Mecklenburg, C.W., I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, O.V. Karamushko, A. Lynghammar and P.R. Møller0 List of marine fishes of the Arctic region annotated with common names and zoogeographic characterizations. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. (Ref. 120666) Hansen, F.T., F. Burns, S. Post, U.H. Thygesen and T. Jansen0 Length measurement methods of Atlantic mackerel (<i>Scomber scombrus</i>) and Atlantic horse mackerel (<i>Trachurus trachurus</i>) current practice, conversion keys and recommendations. Fisheries Research 205:57-64. (Ref. 122055) Jansen, T., S. Post, A.H. Olafsdottir, P. Reynisson, G.J. Óskarsson and K.E. Arendt0 Diel vertical feeding behaviour of Atlantic mackerel (<i>Scomber scombrus</i>) in the Irminger current. Fisheries Research 214:25-34. (Ref. 122065) ICES0 Mackerel (<i>Scomber scombrus</i>) in subareas 1-8 and 14, and in Division 9.a (the Northeast Atlantic and adjacent waters). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122180) ICES0 Norway special request for revised 2019 advice on mackerel (<i>Scomber scombrus</i>) in subareas 1-8 and 14, and in Division 9.a (the Northeast Atlantic and adjacent waters). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122242) Lesage, V., S. Lair, S. Turgeon and P. Béland0 Diet of St. Lawrence Estuary Beluga (<i>Delphinapterus leucas</i>) in a changing ecosystem. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 134(1):21-35. (Ref. 123587) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Rodríguez-García, C., J. Castro-Gutiérrez, A.R. Domínguez-Bustos, A. García-González and R. Cabrera-Castro0 Every fish counts: Challenging length-weight relationship bias in discards. Fishes 8(222)1-18. (Ref. 128593) Froese, R. and V.A. Parducho0 Global stocks spreadsheet as of December 9, 2022. Excel file from V.A. Parducho, pers. comm. (Ref. 128993) Petit-Marty, N., M. Liu, I.Z. Tan, A. Chung, B. Terrasa, B. Guijarro, F. Ordines, S. Ramirez-Amaro, E. Massuti and C. Schunter0 Declining population sizes and loss of genetic diversity in commercial fishes: a simple method for a first diagnostic. Frontiers in Marine Science 9(872537):1-11. (Ref. 130275) Simian, G., D. Abraham, N. Bailly, P. Béarez, F. Urtizberea, A. Perrot, H. Goraguer, R. Langlois, P. Daszkiewicz, F. Teletchea, S. Tercerie and G. Denys0 Checklist of fishes from the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago. Cybium 46(4):371-384. (Ref. 132183) Asoc. Plataforma Defensa Medio-Ambiental Ondarroa 12 mil0 Basque Fish Names Asoc. Plataforma Defensa Medio-Ambiental Ondarroa 12 mil. https://arrainak.eus/arrainak. (Ref. 132948) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-118-10396 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Scsco_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Scsco_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-07-13 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Abundant in cold and temperate shelf areas, forms large schools near the surface. They overwinter in deeper waters but move closer to shore in spring when water temperatures range between 11° and 14°C. Mainly diurnal, it feeds on zooplankton and small fish. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). The species is traded fresh, frozen, smoked and canned. Eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Two stocks in north-east Atlantic: North Sea (east) and British Isles (west). North Sea stock decreased dramatically in the 1960's because of direct overfishing. Recruitment has been poor and unstable. After spawning, the adult feed very actively moving around in small shoals (Ref. 35388). Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen 1983 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168) FB-DiagnosticDescr-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution This species has the following characters: no well developed corselet; interpelvic process small and single; anal fin spine conspicuous, joined to the fin by a membrane but clearly independent of it; anal fin origin opposite that of second dorsal fin; no swim bladder; first haemal spine anterior to first interneural process; 21-28 interneural bones under first dorsal fin; markings on back oblique to near vertical, with relatively little undulating; belly unmarked (Ref. 168). Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen 1983 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168) FB-Morphology-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 Dorsal spines (total): 8 - 14; Dorsal soft rays (total): 113; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 12 - 13; Vertebrae: 31 Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen 1983 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168) FB-Distribution-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-01-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy North Atlantic: including the Mediterranean. Collette, B.B. 2003 Family Scombridae Rafinesque 1815 - mackerels, tunas, and bonitos. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (19):28. (Ref. 50681) FB-Uses-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-07-13 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: medium; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) FB-Migration-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-07-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-TrophicStrategy-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2007-08-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public scombrus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Mesodemersal. Abundant in cold and temperate shelf areas, forms large schools near the surface. They overwinter in deeper waters but move closer to shore in spring when water temperatures range between 11° and 14°C. Mainly diurnal, it feeds on zooplankton and small fish. In spring, the diet of the juveniles consisted of euphausiids, crustacean larvae and other zooplankton, whereas euphausiids formed 90% of the diet in adults (Ref. 55912). In autumn, juveniles ate hyperiids and gelatinous zooplankton, adults feed on blue whiting (Ref. 55912). Preyed upon by porbeagles, dogfish, Atlantic cod, bluefin tuna, swordfish, porpoises and harbour seals. Parasites of the species include monogenean, Kuhnia scombri on gills; trematodes, Podocotyle atomon and P. simplex; and nematodes, Anisakis simplex and Haematractidium scombri (Ref. 5951). Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen 1983 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168) FB-Size-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-07-13 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription 60.0 cm FL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 35388)); max. published weight: 3,400 g (Ref. 9988); max. reported age: 17 years (Ref. 207) Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen 1999 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988) Anderson, E.D. and A.J. Paciorkowski 1980 A review of the Northwest Atlantic mackerel fishery. Rapp. P.-V. Reun. CIEM. 177:175-211. (Ref. 207) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-118-200 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Anisakis Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Margolis, L. and J.R. Arthur 1979 Synopsis of the parasites of fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. No. 199, 269 p. (Ref. 208) FB-Diseases-118-203 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1992-07-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Coccidiosis. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Blanc, E., F. Daoudi, A. Marques and G. Bouix 1986 Statistical evaluation of the action of coccidioses of marine fishes - a study of the mackerel. Spec. Publ. Eur. Aquacult. Soc. 9:105-110. (Ref. 214) FB-Diseases-118-196 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Grillotia angeli Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1986 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) FB-Diseases-118-191 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Haemormidium Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1986 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) FB-Diseases-118-15 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Ichthyophonus Disease. Fungal diseases Möller, H. and K. Anders 1986 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) FB-Diseases-118-192 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Kuhnia Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1986 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) FB-Diseases-118-194 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Lecithocladium Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1986 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) FB-Diseases-118-193 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 Mazocraes Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1986 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) FB-Diseases-118-202 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 Mycobacteriosis. Bacterial diseases Mackenzie, K. 1988 Presumptive mycobacteriosis in North-east Atlantic mackerel, <i>Scomber scombrus</i> L. J. Fish Biol. 32(2):263-275. (Ref. 209) FB-Diseases-118-195 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Opechona Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Möller, H. and K. Anders 1986 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. (Ref. 194) FB-Diseases-118-198 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Podocotyle simplex Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Margolis, L. and J.R. Arthur 1979 Synopsis of the parasites of fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. No. 199, 269 p. (Ref. 208) FB-Diseases-118-201 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-19 00:00:00 1990-10-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=118&StockCode=132 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Thynnascaris Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Margolis, L. and J.R. Arthur 1979 Synopsis of the parasites of fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. No. 199, 269 p. (Ref. 208) FB-Habitat-118 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2016-07-13 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=118 pelagic-neritic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 1000 m (Ref. 54254), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 54254) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FAO-FIGIS 2005 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Scomber scombrus. Retrieved on 05 May 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=2473. 3p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54254) FAO-FIGIS 2005 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Scomber scombrus. Retrieved on 05 May 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=2473. 3p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54254)