FB-12308 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12308 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Mesoheros Mesoheros festae (Boulenger, 1899) Um shiraa Rødehavsvimpelfisk Rotmeer-Wimpelfisch Red Sea bannerfish Punase mere vimpelkala Poisson cocher de Mer Rouge 紅海馬夫魚 红海马夫鱼 Heniochus intermedium Steindachner, 1893 1994-08-12 2017-03-28 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. 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(Ref. 13315) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's tank photos. Collection of 10,000 large-format photos (slides) of dead fishes. Unpublished. (Ref. 28618) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's underwater photos. Collection of almost 2,000 underwater photos (slides). Unpublished. (Ref. 28620) Pauly, D., R. Froese and J.S. Albert0 The BRAINS table. p. 195-198. In R. Froese and D. Pauly (eds.) FishBase 98: concepts, design and data sources. ICLARM, Manila, Philippines. 298 p. (Ref. 30504) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Golani, D., L. Orsi Relini, E. Massutí and J.-P. Quignard0 CIESM Atlas of Exotic Species in the Mediterranean. Vol. 1. Fishes. F. Briand (ed.). 256 pages. 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Diringer0 Poissons de l'Océan Indien et de la mer Rouge. Versailles (France): Éditions Quæ. 527 p. (Ref. 81519) Golani, D. and S. V. Bogorodsky0 The fishes of the Red Sea - reappraisal and updated checklist. Zootaxa 2463:1-135. (Ref. 84159) Moldzio, S.0 Checklist of species from Marsa Shagra, Egypt. Personal Communication. Provided Excel file and photos. (Ref. 87788) Zenetos, A., S. Gofas, M. Verlaque, M.E. Cinar, J.E. Garcia Raso, C.N. Bianchi, C. Morri, E. Azzurro, M. Bilecenoglu, C. Froglia, I. Siokou, D. Violanti, A. Sfriso, G. San Martin, A. Giangrande, T. Katagan, E. Ballesteros, A. Ramos-Espla0 Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. Medit. Mar. Sci. 11/2(2010):381-493. (Ref. 93672) Psomadakis, P.N., S. Giustino and M. Vacchi0 Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas. Zootaxa 3263:1-46. (Ref. 95871) Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194) von Vilcinskas, A.0 1000 Kala. Sinisukk. 384 p. (Ref. 105474) Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717) Golani, D., E. Azurro, J. Dulčić, E. Massutí and L. Orsi-Relini0 Atlas of exotic fishes in the Mediterranean Sea. Second edition. [F. Briand, Ed.]. CIESM Publishers, Paris, Monaco, 365 pages. (Ref. 127989) FB-pic-12309-2452 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-12 1996-12-17 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12309 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Heint_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Heint_u0.jpg FB-pic-12309-12383 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-11-20 1999-06-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12309 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Heint_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Heint_u1.jpg Locality: Eilat, Gulf of Aqaba, Israel. FB-GeneralDescr-12309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1994-08-12 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12309 Adults are found on coral slopes (Ref. 9710) Juveniles in large groups at base of reef, sometimes with H. diphreutes; adults usually solitary or paired, occasionally in groups (Ref. 9710). They feed on zooplankton and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 9710). Oviparous (Ref. 205), monogamous (Ref. 52884). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205). Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-Distribution-12309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1994-08-12 00:00:00 2005-06-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12309 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-Uses-12309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1994-08-12 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12309 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-LifeCycle-12309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-08-12 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12309&StockCode=12634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and social (Ref. 52884). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-12309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-12-21 00:00:00 2023-01-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public intermedius http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Lives in pairs but known to form large aggregations, particularly if juvenile. Feeds on zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and occasionally algae. (Ref. 127989). Found on coral slopes. Juveniles in large groups at base of reef, sometimes with H. diphreutes; adults usually solitary or paired, occasionally in groups. Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) FB-Size-12309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1994-08-12 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12309 18.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710)) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-12309 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Liza Q. Agustin 1994-08-12 00:00:00 2025-11-20 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12309 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats reef-associated; non-migratory (Ref. 52884); marine; depth range 3 - 50 m (Ref. 9710) Whiteman, E.A. and I.M. Côté 2004 Monogamy in marine fishes. Biol. Rev. 79:351-375. (Ref. 52884) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)