FB-9135 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Tylochromis Tylochromis polylepis (Boulenger, 1900) Metallimutahautoja Ndanga Tanga Pelmatochromis pleurospilus (non Boulenger, 1906) Pelmatochromis polylepis Boulenger, 1900 Tylochromis microlepis (non Boulenger, 1900) 1994-03-07 2017-12-08 Brichard, P.0 Fishes of Lake Tanganyika. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 681) Boulenger, G.A.0 Fourth contribution to the ichthyology of Lake Tanganyika. Report on the collection of fishes made by Dr. W.A. Cunnington during the Third Tanganyika Expedition, 1904-1905. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 17(6):537-600. (Ref. 1872) Boulenger, G.A.0 Les poissons du bassin du Congo. Bruxelles. 532 p. (Ref. 1879) Boulenger, G.A.0 Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III. Printed by order of the Trustees, London. 526 p. (Ref. 2989) Poll, M.0 Les genres des poissons d'eau douce de l'Afrique. Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, série in-8°, Sci. Zool., 54:191 p. (Ref. 3062) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Goffin, A.0 Les pêcheries et les poissons du Congo. Verteneuil et Desmet, Bruxelles. 231 p. (Ref. 4913) Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Stiassny, M.L.J.0 Tylochromis. p. 526-533. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5714) Beadle, L.C.0 The inland waters of tropical Africa. An introduction to tropical limnology. Second edition. Longman Group Limited, London. 475 p. (Ref. 6316) Brichard, P.0 Pierre Brichard's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Tanganyika. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 544 p. (Ref. 6770) Lowe-McConnell, R.H.0 Fish communities in tropical freshwaters. Their distribution, ecology and evolution. Longman Inc., N. Y. 337 p. (Ref. 10616) Zardoya, R., D.M. Vollmer, C. Craddock, J.T. Streelman, S. Karl and A. Meyer0 Evolutionary conservation of microsatellite flanking regions and their use in resolving the phylogeny of cichlid fishes (Pisces: Perciformes). Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 263:1589-1598. (Ref. 12791) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Ufermann, A., R. Allgayer and M. Geerts (eds.)0 Cichlid catalogue (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae Bonaparte, 1840). Vol. 1. Alphabetical catalogue of the cichlid fishes. Mr. Robert Allgayer, 15 rue des Hirondelles, 67350 Dauendorf, France. 1987:i-xv, 439 p. (Ref. 13271) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Zimbabwe. National Museum of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box 240, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. (Ref. 36653) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Kawabata, M. and N.Y.K. Mihigo0 Littoral fish fauna near Uvira, northwestern end of Lake Tanganyika. Afr. Stud. Monogr. 2:133-143. (Ref. 41363) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) David, L. and M. Poll0 Contribution à la faune ichthyologique du Congo Belge: collections du Dr. H. Schouteden (1924-1926) et d'autres récolteurs. Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Zool. (1), 3(5):189-294. (Ref. 41590) Boulenger, G.A.0 Matériaux pour la faune du Congo. Poissons nouveaux du Congo. Sixième partie: Mormyres, Characins, Cyprins, Silures, Acanthoptérygiens, Dipneustes. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. 1:129-157. (Ref. 41613) Poll, M.0 Exploration hydrobiologique du lac Tanganika (1946-1947). Les vertébrés. Rés. Sci. Explor. Hydrobiol. Lac Tang. 1:103-165. (Ref. 45482) Poll, M.0 Révision de la faune ichthyologique du lac Tanganika. Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Zool. (1), 4(3):141-364. (Ref. 45485) Boulenger, G.A.0 Third contribution to the ichthyology of Lake Tanganyika. Report on the collection of fishes made by Mr. J.E.S. Moore in lakes Tanganyika and Kivu during his second expedition, 1899-1900. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 16:137-178. (Ref. 45627) Boulenger, G.A.0 Poissons de la mission Stappers, 1911-1913, pour l'exploration hydrographique et biologique des lacs Tanganika et Moéro. Rev. Zool. Afr. 8(1):1-57. (Ref. 46251) Boulenger, G.A.0 L'état présent de nos connaissances sur la faune ichthyologique du bassin du Congo. Rev. Zool. Afr. 1(1):12-21. (Ref. 46252) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Cunnington, W.A.0 The fauna of the African lakes: a study in comparative limnology with special reference to Tanganyika. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1920:507-622. (Ref. 49807) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Ankei, Y.0 Folk knowledge of fish among the Songala and the Bwari: comparative ethnoichthology of the Lualaba River and Lake Tanganyika fishermen. Afr. Stud. Monogr. 9(Suppl.):1-88. (Ref. 51906) Lamboj, A.0 The cichlid fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307) Stiassny, M.L.J.0 <i>Tylochromis</i>, relationships and the phylogenetic status of the African Cichlidae. Am. Mus. Novit. 2993:1-14. (Ref. 52345) Stiassny, M.L.J.0 A taxonomic revision of the African genus <i>Tylochromis</i> (Labroidei, Cichlidae); whith notes on the anatomy and relationships of the group. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent. Ser. 8, Sci. Zool., 258:1-161. (Ref. 52346) Regan, C.T.0 A revision of the African cichlid fishes of the genus <i>Tylochromis</i>. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5(26):163-169. (Ref. 52971) Regan, C.T.0 The classification of the fishes of the family Cichlidae. I.- The Tanganyika genera. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 5:33-53. (Ref. 53244) Pellegrin, J.0 Contribution à l'étude anatomique, biologique et taxinomique des poissons de la famille des cichlidés. Mém. Soc. Zool. Fr. 16:41-399. (Ref. 53262) Greenwood, P.H.0 A review of the pharyngeal apophysis and its significance in the classification of African cichlid fishes. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Zool.) 33(5):297-323. (Ref. 53524) Borodin, N.A.0 On a collection of freshwater fishes from Lakes Nyasa, Tanganyika and Viktoria in Central Africa. Zool. Jahrb. (Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere)68(1):1-34. (Ref. 53525) Poll, M.0 Exploration hydrobiologique du Lac Tanganika (1946-1947). Résultats scientifiques. Volume III, fascicule 5B. Poissons Cichlidae. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles. 619 pp. (Ref. 53528) Kullander, S.O. and T.R. Roberts0 Out of Lake Tanganyika: endemic lake fishes inhabit rapids of the Lukuga River. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 22(4):355-376. (Ref. 93587) Tsuboi, M., A. Husby, A. Kotrschal, A. Hayward, S.D. Büchel, J. Zidar, H. Løvlie and N. Kolm0 Comparative support for the expensive tissue hypothesis: big brains are correlated with smaller gut and greater parental investment in Lake Tanganyika cichlids. Evolution 69(1):190-200. (Ref. 117407) Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717) FB-pic-9135-13940 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Typol_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Typol_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-03-07 00:00:00 2017-12-08 22:36:18 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 Swamp-dweller (Ref. 6770). Juveniles are coastal and gregarious while adults wander over the sandy bottoms by themselves (Ref. 6770), in shallow inshore areas of the lake, in lagoons and river mouths (Ref. 4967). Feeds mainly on crustaceans and insects, along with some plants (Ref. 52307), but also a mollusc eater (Ref. 6316, 10616). Maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 1872, 52307) that does not pair bond (Ref. 52307). Females have been observed with about 100 eggs of a diameter of 6 mm (Ref. 52307). Lamboj, A. 2004 The cichlid fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307) FB-DiagnosticDescr-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2005-02-28 00:00:00 2017-12-08 22:34:23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 Diagnosis: high lateral line count (54-59 scales)(Ref. 52346). Scales small (Ref. 53244).Description: body deep and narrow, laterally compressed, tappering off strongly toward caudal peduncle (Ref. 6770). Relatively slender, although adults sometimes with very massive heads (Ref. 52307, 52346). Adult predorsal profile rises smoothly in a broad sweep to origin of dorsal fin although line of profile is often somewhat interrupted by a thickening in interorbital region; deepest body depth lies at or a little in front of dorsal fin origin; lower jaw usually inclined at an angle of about 10° to horizontal when mouth is closed; lower pharyngeal jaw extremely robust (Ref. 52346). Pharyngeal apophysis of Tylochromis type (Ref. 53524). Large crushing pharyngeal teeth (Ref. 10616). Snout rounded (Ref. 52307). 4-5 series of scales on cheek (Ref. 2989). Larger scales on operculum (Ref. 1879, 45627). Hypobranchial with 2 simple elongate rakers, following 4-5 ceratobranchial rakers usually widely spaced and non-overlapping, and remaining lower limb rakers more closely spaced and overlapping; epibranchial rakers rather stout, elongate and closely packed; vertebral apophysis well-developed and robust, borne on third vertebral centrum and usually lacking a major contribution from fourth centrum, although in smaller individuals fourth centrum may contribute a small buttressing component; 54-59 lateral line scales (Ref. 52346). 25-33 scales in upper lateral line, 41-48 scales in lower lateral line; 6-8 scales between dorsal fin and upper lateral line; 16-19 scales between lower lateral line and anal fin (Ref. 45485). Upper branch of lateral line terminates far in advance of end of dorsal fin, often as far anterior as level of last dorsal spine; terminal canal bearing scales do not descend scale rows; 3 rows of non-pored scales between upper and lower lateral line; dorsal and ventral branches of lateral line on caudal fin extend almost to fin periphery while median branch is less developed and often reaches only as far as about halfway along fin; dorsal fin spines increase gradually in length to fifth and are then more or less equal in length to last 4-5 which are often slightly shorter than preceding ones; anal fin rounded (Ref. 52346). Anal fin spines very strong (Ref. 2989). Pectoral fins long and even in juveniles extending to level of middle of soft anal fin; first branched pelvic ray filamentous and often produced beyond soft anal fin; caudal peduncle relatively long and thin (Ref. 52346). Caudal fin subtruncate (slightly forked) (Ref. 52307), strongly emarginate, and rather finely scaled even in large individuals; caudal scaling in juveniles restricted to dorsal and ventral fields of fin (Ref. 52346).Coloration: greyish or brownish above, white below; with or without 5-7 inconspicious vertical bars; pale yellow or green longitudinal striations between scale rows; mature males have a caudal fin striated in typical manner and a soft anal fin with 3-4 large non-occelate maculae; females and juveniles apparently without anal maculation, but with pale grey-brown fin membranes; nape stripe dark and prominent, but usually not in contact with faint and diffuse opercular blotch; a red vertical stripe on gill cover may be present, possibly restricted to mature males (Ref. 52346). Angle of jaws, origin of paired fins and tips of anterior dorsal fin spines reddish; a number of dark brown dots on dorsal fin (Ref. 52307, 52346). Juveniles less than 20cm do not display any of the colors of the adults (Ref. 6770). Juveniles less than ca. 12cm SL exhibit typical juvenile barring, with distinct dark vertical stripes interdigitated by pale and shorter stripes (Ref. 52346). Stiassny, M.L.J. 1989 A taxonomic revision of the African genus <i>Tylochromis</i> (Labroidei, Cichlidae); whith notes on the anatomy and relationships of the group. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent. Ser. 8, Sci. Zool., 258:1-161. (Ref. 52346) FB-Morphology-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2005-02-28 00:00:00 2017-12-08 22:34:23 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 14 - 16; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 15; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 7 - 9; Vertebrae: 30 Stiassny, M.L.J. 1989 A taxonomic revision of the African genus <i>Tylochromis</i> (Labroidei, Cichlidae); whith notes on the anatomy and relationships of the group. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent. Ser. 8, Sci. Zool., 258:1-161. (Ref. 52346) FB-Distribution-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-03-07 00:00:00 2018-05-31 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Africa: endemic to Lake Tanganyika (Ref. 5714, 52346). In the Lukuga River (Lake Tanganyika outflow), known up to Niemba (Ref. 93587). Stiassny, M.L.J. 1991 Tylochromis. p. 526-533. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5714) FB-Uses-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-03-07 00:00:00 2017-12-08 22:36:18 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution aquarium: commercial Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Brichard, P. 1989 Pierre Brichard's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Tanganyika. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 544 p. (Ref. 6770) FB-TrophicStrategy-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2005-09-30 00:00:00 2005-09-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ polylepis Swamp-dweller (Ref. 6770). Juveniles are coastal and gregarious while adults wander over the sandy bottoms by themselves (Ref. 6770), in shallow inshore areas of the lake, in lagoons and river mouths (Ref. 4967). Feeds mainly on crustaceans and insects, along with some plants (Ref. 52307), but also a mollusc eater (Ref. 10616, Ref. 6316). Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) FB-Size-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-03-07 00:00:00 2017-12-08 22:36:18 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 43.5 cm NG (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1872)) Boulenger, G.A. 1906 Fourth contribution to the ichthyology of Lake Tanganyika. Report on the collection of fishes made by Dr. W.A. Cunnington during the Third Tanganyika Expedition, 1904-1905. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 17(6):537-600. (Ref. 1872) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-9135 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-03-07 00:00:00 2017-12-08 22:36:18 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9135 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat demersal; freshwater