| Main Ref: | Bassleer, G., 1997 |
| Disease type: | Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) |
| Disease name: | Livoneca Infestation |
| Other names: | South American fish louse; May also be Livoneca ovalis; |
| Caus. agent: | Livoneca sp |
| Group: | Parasitic copepods |
| Part of body and/or behavior affected by disease: | ||
| Skins and/or fins | Belly | Swimming behavior |
| Gills | Anus | Other behavior |
| Eyes | Viscera Afflicted | Other symptoms |
| Fish affected: | Wild caught species such as Cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi), Rummynose tetra (Hemigrammus rhodostomus), Hatchet fish (Carnegiella strigata, C. marthae, Gasteropelecus levis). | |
| Symptoms: | The skin will exhibit red inflamed spots on which secondary bacterial infections can occur. The fish swims irregularly and show signs of restlessness. | |
| Treatments: | If the fish louse doesn't occur in large numbers, they can be controlled by simply removing them carefully with a pair of tweezers. Use Trichlorfon in cases of mass infection, but be careful not to poison the fish (Dose: 0.25 –3.0 mg/1 liter water for 3 days. The dosage depends on the hardness of the water, the harder the water the more trichlorfon can be used. A 35% water change is recommended after treatment or carbon filter can be used). Formalin also has good results (Dose: 0.1 ml liter of aquarium water for 30-45 minutes. Also 1.0-1.5 ml/100 l for 2 days). | |
| Prophylaxis: | ||
| Remarks: | ||
| Mortality and seasonality | ||
| Mortality: | ||
| Seasonality: | ||
picture (LivInfD0.jpg) by Bassleer, G. |
picture (LivInfD1.jpg) by Bassleer, G. |
picture (LivInfD2.jpg) by Bassleer, G. |
picture (LivInfD3.jpg) by Bassleer, G. |
picture (LivInfD4.jpg) by Bassleer, G. |
picture (LivncaD0.gif) by Bassleer, G. |
picture (LivncaD0.jpg) by Bassleer, G. |