Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; non-migratory; depth range 5 - 114 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands and Johnston Atoll.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710)
Benthopelagic over reefs and rocks (Ref. 58302). Feed mainly on coral polyps, also polychaete worms and small shrimps. Usually seen in pairs. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205). Monogamous mating is observed as obligate, genetic and social (Ref. 52884).
Randall, J.E., 1985. Guide to Hawaiian reef fishes. Harrowood Books, Newtown Square, PA 19073, USA. 74 p. (Ref. 3921)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.1 - 25.5, mean 20.3 °C (based on 4 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01411 - 0.04903), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 125 [63, 197] mg/100g; Iron = 0.957 [0.555, 1.659] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.3, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.077, 0.248] g/100g; Selenium = 44.9 [22.7, 86.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 47 [13, 175] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.63 [1.08, 2.38] mg/100g (wet weight);
