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> Perciformes/Zoarcoidei (Eelpouts and pricklebacks) > Pholidae (Gunnels) > Pholinae
Etymology: Pholis: Greek, pholis, -idos = scale (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 0 - 200 m (Ref. 43239), usually 0 - 20 m (Ref. 43239). Temperate

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Northwest Pacific: Japan and Korea (Ref. 37630).

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ?, range 15 - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 559)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 76 - 83; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 0; Afterflossenstacheln: 2; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 35 - 42; Wirbelzahl: 83 - 90.

Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); Found in tide pools or the intertidal zone to 20 m depth, on sandy-mud bottoms and among rocks of rocky reefs (Ref. 43239); also in eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds (Ref. 559). Sometimes to 200 m depth (Ref. 43239). Feeds on gammarids. Juveniles associate with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115). Although rarely used for commercial food, this species is highly valued as fried fish in the spring months in Tokyo and neighboring areas (Ref. 7031).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

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Nakabo, T., 2002. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition II. Tokai University Press, Japan, pp 867-1749. (Ref. 43239)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 04 February 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

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Trophic ecology
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13.2 - 22.7, mean 18.3 °C (based on 94 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00257 (0.00157 - 0.00420), b=3.27 (3.13 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.2 ±0.32 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 1.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (K=0.7).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).

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