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Gymnosarda unicolor (Rüppell, 1836)
Dogtooth tuna
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Gymnosarda unicolor AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Scombriformes (Mackerels) 鱸形目 (Mackerels) > Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) 鯖科 (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Gymnosarda: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, sarde = sardine; 1598 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rüppell.
Etymology: Gymnosarda: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, sarde = sardine; 1598 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rüppell.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 250 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶; 20°C - 28°C (Ref. 5313); 31°N - 30°S, 32°E - 130°W (Ref. 168)
分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to French Polynesia, north to Japan, south to Australia.
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到法屬玻里尼西亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲。
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到法屬玻里尼西亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 248 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 190 cm NG 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); 最大體重: 131.0 kg (Ref. 168)
Max length : 248 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 190 cm NG 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); 最大體重: 131.0 kg (Ref. 168)
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 13 - 15; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12 - 14; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 12 - 13; 脊椎骨: 38. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body elongate and moderately compressed; mouth fairly large, upper jaw reaching to middle of eye; 14 to 31 large, conical teeth on upper jaw, 10 to 24 on lower jaw; 2 patches of villiform teeth on upper surface of tongue; total gill rakers on first gill arch 11-14; D1 XIII-XV, its border almost straight, the second followed by 6-7 finlets, dorsal fins close together; anal fin followed by 6 finlets; pectoral fins with 25-28 rays; interpelvic process large and single; lateral line strongly undulating; body naked posterior to corselet except for lateral line, dorsal-fin base, and caudal keel; caudal peduncle slender, with a well-developed lateral keel between 2 smaller keels on each side. Colour of back and upper sides brilliant blue-black, lower sides and belly silvery; no lines, spots or other markings on body; anterior tip of first dorsal fin dark; other fins greyish (Ref. 9684).
嘴非常大的, 上頜延伸到眼的中央。 嗅覺毛簇的葉片 48 到 56. 腹鰭間的突起大的與單個。 側線強烈波浪形的。 身體裸露的在甲胄後面。 泳鰾大的, 脾臟看得見的由腹面觀之在身體的右邊上。 背部與上側面色彩豔麗的藍黑色的, 下側與腹面銀色的; 沒有在身體上的線, 斑點或其他的斑紋。
嘴非常大的, 上頜延伸到眼的中央。 嗅覺毛簇的葉片 48 到 56. 腹鰭間的突起大的與單個。 側線強烈波浪形的。 身體裸露的在甲胄後面。 泳鰾大的, 脾臟看得見的由腹面觀之在身體的右邊上。 背部與上側面色彩豔麗的藍黑色的, 下側與腹面銀色的; 沒有在身體上的線, 斑點或其他的斑紋。
An offshore species found mainly around coral reefs. Generally solitary or occur in small schools of six or less. Preys on small schooling fishes such as Decapterus, Caesio, Nasio, Cirrhilabrus, Pterocaesio and squids. Caught mainly by pole-and-line. Marketed canned and frozen (Ref. 9684, 48637). Adults may be ciguatoxic (Ref. 37816). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.
一個外海種主要地珊瑚礁的周圍發現。 通常獨居性的或六以內形成小群魚群。 捕食小的群游性魚例如 Decapterus ， Caesio ， Nasio ， Cirrhilabrus ， Pterocaesio 與烏賊。 在市場上銷售罐裝及冷凍.(參考文獻 9684) 成魚可能具有熱帶海魚毒.(參考文獻 37816)
一個外海種主要地珊瑚礁的周圍發現。 通常獨居性的或六以內形成小群魚群。 捕食小的群游性魚例如 Decapterus ， Caesio ， Nasio ， Cirrhilabrus ， Pterocaesio 與烏賊。 在市場上銷售罐裝及冷凍.(參考文獻 9684) 成魚可能具有熱帶海魚毒.(參考文獻 37816)
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到法屬玻里尼西亞,北至日本, 南至澳洲。
主要參考資料
Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Collette, Bruce B. | 合作者
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
CITES
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
有雪卡魚毒中毒的報導 (Ref. 168)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
FAO - 漁業: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋
更多資訊
Population dynamics
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversion
入添量
豐度
成長參數
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
長度-頻率
Mass conversion
入添量
豐度
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
耗氧量
游泳類型
游泳速度
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
遺傳學
Heterozygosity
遺傳率
遺傳學
Heterozygosity
遺傳率
工具
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特別的報告
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網路資源
AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 屬, 種 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 漁業: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因組, 核甘 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 國家資料庫 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: 去, 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 20.9 - 28.2, mean 26.5 °C (based on 938 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00661 - 0.01818), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.75 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming tmax>10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Very high vulnerability (92 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 11.6 [6.8, 20.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.539 [0.311, 0.982] mg/100g; Protein = 21.8 [20.2, 23.1] %; Omega3 = 0.136 [0.084, 0.225] g/100g; Selenium = 69.1 [38.3, 127.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 51.6 [19.1, 151.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.543 [0.384, 0.760] mg/100g (wet weight);