分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Rastrelliger: Latin, rastra = rake + Latin, gero = to carry.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 15 - 200 m (Ref. 28016). 熱帶; 20°C - 30°C (Ref. 54858); 18°N - 18°S, 93°E - 180°E (Ref. 54858)
Pacific Ocean: Andaman Sea to Thailand, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands and Fiji.
太平洋: 安達曼海到泰國，印尼，巴布亞新幾內亞，菲律賓，索羅門群島與斐濟。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 17.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 34.5 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 168); common length : 20.0 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 168); 最大年龄: 2.00 年 (Ref. 796)
背棘 (总数) : 8 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 12; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12; 脊椎骨: 31. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body very deep, its depth at posterior margin of opercle 3.7-4.3 times in fork length; head equal to or less than body depth; maxilla covered by lacrimal bone but extending nearly to end of lacrimal; gill rakers very long, visible when mouth is opened, 30-48 on lower limb of first gill arch; numerous bristles on longest gill raker, about 150 on one side in specimens of 12.7 cm, 210 in specimens of 16 cm, and 240 at 19 cm fork length; intestine very long, 3.2-3.6 times fork length; snout pointed; swim bladder present; vertebrae 13 + 18 = 31; interpelvic process small and single; anal spine rudimentary. Colour of spinous dorsal fin yellowish with a black edge, pectoral and pelvic fins dusky, other fins yellowish (Ref. 168, 9684).
吻端尖的。 上颌骨被泪骨盖住但是几乎延伸 lacrimae 结束。 腹鳍间的突起小的与单个。 有泳鳔。 脊椎骨 13 尾前椎加上 18 尾部的, 总计 31. 在长的鳃耙上的刚毛大约 150 在 12.7 公分的标本中的一个侧边上,210 在 16 公分的标本中, 与 240 在 19 公分尾叉长的标本中。 臀鳍硬棘不发达的。
An epipelagic, neritic species that tolerates slightly reduced salinities in estuarine habitats and in areas where surface temperature range between 20° and 30°C. It forms schools of equally sized individuals. Batch spawning is believed to extend from March through September. Feeds chiefly on microzooplankton with a high phytoplankton component. Marketed fresh, frozen, canned, dried salted and smoked (Ref. 168, 9684).
发现于了河口的栖息地有略微低盐度与在区域中在哪里在 20个 ° 与 30 °C ，相同大小的个体形成群体之间的表面温差。 批次产卵被相信延伸从三月到九月.(参考文献 9684) 主要捕食小型浮游动物具有一个高的浮游植物组成。 在市场上销售新鲜的，冷冻的, 将,装于罐头乾燥盐腌而且烟熏。
太平洋: 安達曼海到泰國，印尼，巴布亞新幾內亞，菲律賓，索羅門群島與斐濟。
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 28.4, mean 27.2 °C (based on 781 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00815 - 0.01119), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.31 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.9 (0.8 - 1.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 38
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.6-1.6; tmax=2).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 241 [85, 719] mg/100g; Iron = 3.44 [1.55, 7.60] mg/100g; Protein = 20.8 [19.5, 22.1] %; Omega3 = 0.366 [0.161, 0.855] g/100g; Selenium = 66.4 [19.0, 217.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.8 [2.1, 48.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.95 [1.04, 5.00] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
