Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 1 - 50 m (Ref. 115174). Tropical; 26°N - 8°N, 98°W - 60°W
Western Atlantic: Southern Florida and Antilles south to Venezuela.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3798); common length : 30.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3798)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 12; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 15 - 16; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8 - 9. Bluish silver with about 18 blackish yellow oblique stripes on body; a small amount of black pigment under upper margin of preopercle.
Occurs in shallow neritic areas, over shallow mud to sand-mud bottoms; less common in areas with clear water and coral reef habitats (Ref. 5217). Marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 3798).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
خطر للأنسان
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; حوض مائي: احواض مائية عامة
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
Download XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00875 - 0.02279), b=2.99 (2.86 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.18).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37 [14, 68] mg/100g; Iron = 0.53 [0.28, 0.95] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.3, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.131 [0.071, 0.207] g/100g; Selenium = 31.5 [18.3, 51.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 94.2 [36.0, 233.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.21 [0.84, 1.74] mg/100g (wet weight);
