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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Sciaenops: Greek, skiaina, skion = a fish, red mullet + Greek, ops = appearance (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 10 - ? m (Ref. 9988). Subtropical; 15°C - 26°C (Ref. 127841); 43°N - 0°S
Western Atlantic: Massachusetts in USA to northern Mexico, including southern Florida, USA.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 82.7, range 55 - 80.3 cm
Max length : 155 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3702); common length : 100.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3702); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 45.0 kg (Ref. 9988); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 50 Tahun (Ref. 32563)
Occurs usually over sand and sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters and estuaries. Abundant in surf zone. Feeds mainly on crustaceans, mollusks and fishes. Utilized fresh and frozen; can be pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil; Budidaya air: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya; Akuarium: Akuarium publik
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.5 - 27.3, mean 24.2 °C (based on 180 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00523 - 0.01324), b=3.07 (2.94 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 (2.4 - 3.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 16
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.27; tmax=7; Fec~1 million).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.3 [25.8, 87.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.905 [0.462, 1.579] mg/100g; Protein = 21.4 [18.9, 23.7] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.127, 0.506] g/100g; Selenium = 38.8 [20.5, 79.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.2 [1.5, 14.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.566 [0.398, 0.828] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
