رده بندی / Names
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Characiformes (Characins) >
Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus) > Serrasalminae
Etymology: Serrasalmus: Latin, serran, serranus, saw and a fish of genus Serranus + Latin, salmo = salmon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Issue
See Géry (1972: 227) and Merckx, Jégu & Santos (2000: 185) for detailed description. See
Jégu & Keith (1999) and Machado-Allison & Fink (1996:58) for detailed distribution. See Nico & Taphorn (1998: 316) for food habits.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; آب شيرين موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; pH range: 5.8 - 7.0; dH range: ? - 10. Tropical; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 1672)
South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins, north and eastern Guiana Shield rivers, and northeastern Brazilian coastal rivers.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.5 cm SL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 36224); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 3.8 kg (Ref. 121466)
Occurs in the rapids but is also captured in deep zones of main rivers with the use of fish bait. Is essentially a carnivore, feeds on small fish, crabs, mammals, lizards and coleopteran insects. Its opportunistic behavior allows it to adapt to various biotopes (Ref. 12225). It is timid and not aggressive but it possesses powerful dentition that can cause serious bites, and is therefore, potentially dangerous. Import is prohibited in some areas. However, the incorporation of this species in fish-based house security systems has been proposed (see Ref. 9506).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)
Jégu, M., 2003. Serrasalminae (Pacus and piranhas). p. 182-196. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39031)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)
خطر برای انسان ها
Traumatogenic
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك; آكواريوم: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00824 - 0.02013), b=3.19 (3.06 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
