分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
牙鮃科 (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Pseudorhombus: Greek, pseudes = false + Greek, rhombos = paralelogram (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ogilby.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 7 - 200 m (Ref. 4417). 熱帶; 30°N - 35°S, 24°E - 154°E
Indian Ocean: throughout the region including the Red Sea and Persian Gulf; south to Algoa Bay in South Africa (Ref. 4417). Western Pacific: Taiwan southward to New Guinea and extending to the northeastern coast of Australia.
印度洋: 在區域各處包括紅海與波斯灣; 南至在南非的 Algoa 海灣。 (參考文獻 4417) 西太平洋: 台灣向南至新幾內亞而且延伸至澳洲的東北方海岸。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 37.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 117081); common length : 15.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9774); 最大體重: 760.00 g (Ref. 117081)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 67 - 74; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 52 - 66. Eyed side with dark rings arranged in about 5 longitudinal rows; dark blotch at junction of straight and curved parts of lateral line and 2 smaller ones on the lateral line at posterior part of body and anterior end of caudal peduncle; small dark spots and elongate markings on median fins; pectoral fins with 10-12 rays on eyed side, 10-11 rays on blind side (Ref. 4417).
Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep.
有眼睛的一邊具有被排列成大約 5個縱列的深色的環; 黑色斑塊在身體後部與尾柄的前端位於側線的直線與彎曲部份的會合處而且 2個較小的位於側線上; 在中央的鰭上的小的深色斑點與細長的斑紋; 在有眼睛的一邊上胸鰭有 10-12 鰭條, 在沒有眼睛的一邊上的 10-11 鰭條.(參考文獻 4417)
Found on clay, sand and mud bottoms of the continental shelf. Feeds on benthic animals (Ref. 5213). Mainly sold fresh.
棲息於大陸棚的黏土、沙與泥底部了。 吃底棲的動物。 (參考文獻 5213) 主要地賣了生鮮地。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).印度洋: 在區域各處包括紅海與波斯灣; 南至在南非的 Algoa 海灣。 (參考文獻 4417) 西太平洋: 台灣向南至新幾內亞而且延伸至澳洲的東北方海岸。
Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Bothidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3322)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 March 2021
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 22.3 - 28.4, mean 26.9 °C (based on 1175 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00523 - 0.00874), b=3.17 (3.12 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=1.0;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
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