分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 6517). 亞熱帶的; 60°N - 25°S, 180°W - 180°E
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in temperate and tropical waters (Ref. 47377). Western Atlantic: USA and eastern Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 7251). Eastern Atlantic: Bergen, Norway to Madeira and near the Azores, including western Mediterranean; west of Cape Point, South Africa (Ref. 6657). Western Pacific: Japan, Australia, and New Zealand (Ref. 5755). Eastern Pacific: Oregon, USA to Chile (Ref. 2850).
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在溫帶與熱帶的水域中.(參考文獻 47377) 西大西洋: 美國與墨西哥灣東方.(參考文獻 7251) 東大西洋: 卑爾根, 挪威到馬得拉群島與在亞速群島的附近, 包括地中海西部; 位於南非的尖岬西方.(參考文獻 6657) 西太平洋: 日本，澳洲與紐西蘭.(參考文獻 5755) 東太平洋: 美國的奧勒岡州到智利.(參考文獻 2850)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9314); common length : 152 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6517); 最大體重: 150.0 kg (Ref. 47377)
背的軟條 (總數) : 20; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 18; 脊椎骨: 22. Absence of dorsal and anal spines and of pelvic fins contribute to streamlining of the body, as does the flat and relatively consolidated opercular spines (Ref. 11017, p. 74).
沒有背鰭與臀鰭棘而且腹鰭成為身體的簡化因素, 如同做那平坦的與相當鞏固鰓蓋棘 (參考文獻 11017, p。 74)。
Oceanic and epipelagic; found near surface or in deep water (Ref. 10821). Apparently solitary (Ref. 9314). Feed mainly on jellyfishes, ctenophores, and other gelatinous planktonic animals (Ref. 2850, 6885). Spawning starts at the end of spring and during the summer (Ref. 9314). Juveniles unlike adults in that the median fins are longer and further forward, the mouth toothed and the body and fins black-spotted (Ref. 6517). Rarely found in markets (Ref. 9314).
大洋性的與表層帶; 發現於接近水面了或在深水中.(參考文獻 10821) 顯然獨居性.(參考文獻 9314) 主要吃水母，櫛水母與其他的凝膠狀的浮游性動物。 (參考文獻 2850,6885) 在春天底與在夏天期間產卵開始。 (參考文獻 9314) 很少發現於市場了。 (參考文獻 9314)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在溫帶與熱帶的水域中.(參考文獻 47377) 西大西洋: 美國與墨西哥灣東方.(參考文獻 7251) 東大西洋: 卑爾根, 挪威到馬得拉群島與在亞速群島的附近, 包括地中海西部; 位於南非的尖岬西方.(參考文獻 6657) 西太平洋: 日本，澳洲與紐西蘭.(參考文獻 5755) 東太平洋: 美國的奧勒岡州到智利.(參考文獻 2850)
Tyler, J.C., G.D. Johnson, I. Nakamura and B.B. Collette, 1989. Morphology of Luvarus imperialis (Luvaridae), with a phylogenetic analysis of the Acanthuridae (Pisces). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 485. Smithsonian Inst. Press, Washington, D.C. 78 p. (Ref. 11017)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 13 July 2012
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.1 - 28.2, mean 24.6 °C (based on 1668 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 34.8 [20.5, 57.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.14 [0.70, 1.78] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.7, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.338 [0.212, 0.543] g/100g; Selenium = 37.7 [21.8, 70.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.98 [2.64, 18.68] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.468 [0.336, 0.653] mg/100g (wet weight);
