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Stomiiformes (Lightfishes and dragonfishes) >
Gonostomatidae (Bristlemouths)
Etymology: Cyclothone: Greek, kyklothen, in circle, around (Ref. 45335); microdon: microdon meaning small toothed (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βαθυπελαγικό(ς); εύρος βάθους 200 - 5301 m (Ref. 58426), usually 500 - 2700 m (Ref. 82363). Deep-water; 67°N - 45°S, 180°W - 180°E
Widely distributed in all Atlantic, tropical and austral Indian and Pacific Oceans (Ref. 4463). Southern Ocean: probably circum-Antarctic between the Antarctic Polar Front and the Antarctic continental shelf (Ref. 5162).
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm 3.3, range 3 - 3.5 cm
Max length : 7.6 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 4925)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 13 - 15; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 17 - 20. Brown to brown-black in color; dense stellate pigment over head, body and fins (Ref. 3991).
An oceanic, deep mesopelagic to bathypelagic species (Ref. 4769). Precise depth range dependent upon developmental stage, latitude, season (Ref. 4769). Doest not exhibit diel vertical migrations (Ref. 4769). A non-seasonal breeder with no recognizable age-cohorts (Ref. 82363). Feeds mainly on copepods (Ref. 4769).
Protandrous, sex reversal observed in the eastern North Atlantic (Ref. 5162). Sex reversal at 22-24 mm SL (Ref. 4769).
Quéro, J.-C., J.C. Njock and M.M. de la Hoz, 1990. Gonostomatidae. p. 283-292. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4463)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: χωρίς ενδιαφέρον
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.8 - 8.2, mean 3.2 °C (based on 7820 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00171 - 0.00885), b=2.99 (2.79 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.13 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (Assuming tm>1; Fec=2,000-10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
