Environment: milieu / climate zone / kisaran kedalaman / distribution range
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis; pH range: 5.5 - 7.5; dH range: ? - 25; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 8°N - 8°S, 72°W - 50°W
South America: upper Amazon River and French Guiana coastal basins.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Kematangan: Lm 22.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 36801)
Adults occur in ponds. Favored food fish. They are strict herbivores which feed on plant debris, leaves and algae (Ref. 12225) but are reported as omnivores in Ref. 2060. The males are mature at 18 cm and the females at 22 cm (Ref. 12225). Distinct pairs breed on densely grown weedy places (Ref. 205). In the Amazon, the species of this genus are gregarious and undergo migration (Ref. 12225).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Distinct pairs breed on densely grown weedy places (Ref. 205).
Garavello, J.C. and H.A. Britski, 2003. Anostomidae (Headstanders). p. 71-84. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36801)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00732 - 0.02164), b=3.06 (2.91 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Acuan
69278): 2.5 ±0.20 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
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