Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum, 1792)
Chum salmon
個人による観察記録の追加 Fish Watcher
| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Oncorhynchus keta AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
アップロード 写真 そして ビデオ
画像 | ビデオ | 切手、コイン、その他 | グーグルの画像
Oncorhynchus keta
Male 画像によって Keeley, E.R.
画像 | ビデオ | 切手、コイン、その他 | グーグルの画像
Male 画像によって Keeley, E.R.
分類 / 名前 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Salmoninae
Etymology: Oncorhynchus: Greek, onyx, -ychos = nail + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.
Etymology: Oncorhynchus: Greek, onyx, -ychos = nail + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.
環境：環境 / 気候帯 / 深さの範囲 / 分布範囲 生態学
海; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 底生の漂泳性; 昇流魚 (Ref. 132363); 深さの範囲 0 - 250 m (Ref. 50550), usually ? - 61 m (Ref. 96339). Temperate; 0°C - 24°C (Ref. 35682); 67°N - 24°N, 130°E - 110°W (Ref. 117423)
分布 領土 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | 目的のマップ | 導入 | Faunafri
North Pacific: Korea , Japan, Okhotsk and Bering Sea (Ref. 1998), Arctic Alaska south to San Diego, California, USA. Asia: Iran (Ref. 39702).
初回成熟時の長さ / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
成熟: Lm 70.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm FL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 559); common length : 58.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3561); 最大公表体重: 18.1 kg (Ref. 56631); 最大記録サイズ: 7 年 (Ref. 1998)
Max length : 100.0 cm FL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 559); common length : 58.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 3561); 最大公表体重: 18.1 kg (Ref. 56631); 最大記録サイズ: 7 年 (Ref. 1998)
簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 0; 背鰭 (合計) : 10 - 14; 肛門の骨: 0; 臀鰭: 13 - 17; 脊つい: 59 - 71. Distinguished by the lack of distinct black spots on the back and tail and by the presence of 18 to 28 short, stout, smooth gill rakers on the first arch (Ref. 27547). Pelvic fins with axillary process; caudal truncate to slightly emarginate (Ref. 27547). Large individuals are steel-blue dorsally, with speckles of black; silver on the sides; silvery to white ventrally. Males have tinges of black on the tips of its caudal, anal and pectoral fins. Spawning males are dark olive to black dorsally; grey-red with green vertical bars on the sides; dark grey ventrally; anal and pelvic fins with white tips. Spawning females resemble spawning males but less distinctly marked.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.
Inhabits ocean and coastal streams (Ref. 86798). Migrating fry form schools in estuaries, remain close to shore for a few months and finally disperse to enter the sea (Ref. 1998). Epipelagic (Ref. 58426). Juveniles and adults feed mainly on copepods, tunicates and euphausiids but also on pteropods, squid and small fishes (Ref. 1998). Adults cease feeding in freshwater (Ref. 1998). Males and females die after spawning. The catch is mostly canned but also sold fresh, dried-salted, smoked, and frozen. Eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved, and baked (Ref. 9988). Utilized for caviar.
ライフサイクルと交尾行動 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Enters freshwater during advanced stage of sexual development and spawning occurs almost immediately (Ref. 1998). Spawning occurs at depths of ~3 meters, current speeds of ~20cm/sec. near the head waters over sand and pebbles at 4-11° C water temperature. At spawning time the female excavates a hole of around 1 meter diameter and 50 cm depth before spawning can occur (Ref. 12218). Nest building is done by the female by lying on one side and lashing its tail to displace the sand and silt on the river bed. The pair then settles in the nest, mouths gape, and with rapid vibration of the pair, eggs and milt are released. The female then covers the nest. Males are aggressive and may spawn with different females; females likewise may spawn with other males and therefore builds different nests. Adults die after a week (Ref. 1998). A fish spawns 700-7,000 eggs in two to three egg releases. Eggs are ~300-3,500 per spawn. Egg size is ~6.7 mm, water temp. is 8-10°C at 60 days before hatching. Larva size is around 16 mm. Come springtime the juveniles go to the ocean and come back 3-4 years later to their exact birthplace. This fish reaches maturity in 2-4 years. Larvae are found around the spawning site, Juveniles are found around the coast. Juveniles migrate to the ocean at ~27-45 mm during February at water temperatures around 4° C (Ref. 12218).
Reproductive strategy: synchronous ovarian organization, determinate fecundity (Ref. 51846).
主な参考文献
参考文献のアップロード | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
CITES
Not Evaluated
人間に対する脅威
Harmless
人間の用途
水産業: 高い商業の; 水産養殖: 商業; ゲームフィッシュ: はい; 水族館・水槽: 公共の水族館
より多くの情報
解剖学
カマ
脳
オトリス
カマ
脳
オトリス
用具
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特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: 部類, 種 | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 養殖システム: 代謝; 水産業: 着陸, 種の外形; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | 国のデーターベース | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公共の水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | 生命の木 | Wikipedia: 行く, 検索する | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物に関する記録
モデルに基づく推定値
好ましい温度 (参照 123201): 1.1 - 8.3, mean 3.3 °C (based on 192 cells).
系統多様性指数 (参照 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00741 - 0.02693), b=3.10 (2.94 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (参照 69278): 3.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (参照 120179): 手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.27-0.45; tm=2-5; tmax=6).
Prior r = 0.32, 95% CL = 0.21 - 0.48, Based on 8 full stock assessments.
栄養素 (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 15.6 [4.4, 41.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.337 [0.168, 0.758] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [17.2, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 1.71 [0.78, 3.77] g/100g; Selenium = 110 [32, 369] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.3 [4.6, 41.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.424 [0.266, 0.821] mg/100g (wet weight);