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> Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 1 - 40 m (Ref. 35581). Subtropical; 34°N - 2°S, 121°W - 90°W (Ref. 96339)

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Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to southern Baja California in Mexico. Also known from the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 35581).

आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 152 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 2850); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 30 वर्षो (Ref. 56049)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0; गुदा कांटा: 0; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 146 - 154.

Found common among rocks; lives in crevices or holes, usually with only head protruding. Very common in shallow reef areas (Ref. 35581). Feed mostly at night on crustaceans, octopuses and small fishes. Long-lived. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Oviparous. Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 August 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic (Ref. 4690)

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: निर्वाह मात्स्यिकी; जलजीवालय: सार्वजनिक लजीवालय

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अधिक जानकारी

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
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Life cycle
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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 18 - 28.3, mean 25.3 °C (based on 18 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00047 (0.00025 - 0.00089), b=3.28 (3.13 - 3.43), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): निम्न, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 4.5 - 14 वर्ष। (tmax=30).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Gymnothorax mordax (Ayres, 1859)