Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة. Subtropical; 43°N - 40°N, 19°E - 21°E
Europe: Adriatic basin from Drin to Aoos drainages. Introduced in Serchio (Italy), Garonne and Var (France) drainages, and probably elsewhere.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 59043); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 70.00 g (Ref. )
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 3; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 7 - 9; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8 - 10. Diagnosed from Pachychilon macedonicum by having numerous dark brown marks of various shapes and sizes on body (a dark stripe distinct in life in juveniles, rarely in preserved individuals), thick lower lip with a long median lobe, 40-44 + 2 scales on lateral line, and 8-10½ branched rays on anal fin (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 19 to 20 soft rays (Ref. 40476).
A gregarious species which inhabits near shore lakes and slow-flowing stretches and backwaters of streams and rivers (Ref. 59043). Feeds on fish, invertebrates (Ref. 26100), insect larvae and periphyton (Ref. 59043). Spawns over gravel beds or among vegetation at temperatures above 12°C (Ref. 59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Eggs adhere to substrate (Ref. 59043).
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00358 - 0.01465), b=3.14 (2.98 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).