Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino batipelagico; distribuzione batimetrica 100 - 600 m (Ref. 57911), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 47377). Deep-water; 48°N - 35°S, 56°W - 98°W (Ref. 57911)
Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada to Florida, USA and around Gulf of Mexico; along coasts of Central America and South America to Brazil, and Uruguay (Ref. 47377).
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 57911); common length : 15.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 5217)
Scales lacks tiny spines. Swim bladder not silvery (Ref. 7251). Six gill rakers on lower arm of first gill arch (Ref. 37473).
Found on soft bottoms.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: di potenziale interesse
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.4 - 24.3, mean 18.8 °C (based on 43 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00417 (0.00226 - 0.00770), b=3.15 (2.98 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Assuming tmax>3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).