分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Laviniinae
Etymology: Ptychocheilus: Greek, ptyx, ptychos = fold + Greek, cheilos = lip (Ref. 45335); oregonensis: oregonensis meaning - of Oregon (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 55°N - 39°N
North America: Pacific drainages from Nass River in British Columbia, Canada to Columbia River in Nevada, USA; Harney River basin in Oregon, USA; Peace River system (Arctic basin) in British Columbia and Alberta, Canada.
北美洲: 太平洋的流域從加拿大英屬哥倫比亞的 Nass 河到美國內華達州的哥倫比亞河; 在美國的奧勒岡州的 Harney 河流域; 在加拿大的在卑詩省與亞伯達的和平河流域 (北極流域)。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 63.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 22.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大體重: 13.0 kg (Ref. 1998); 最大年齡: 11 年 (Ref. 72462)
背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 10; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9; 脊椎骨: 44 - 46. Mot deep bodied, greatest depth 16.6% (TL), belly gently rounded in mature individuals. Head moderately long, its length 22.8% (TL); eye small in adults, 17.6% of head length, but larger in young 7.6 cm long, when 25.2% of head length; snout long, 33.1% of head length of adults; interorbital width 29.6% of head length; mouth large, extending back to below anterior margin of eye. All fins clear. Pelvic axillary process usually a ridge. Peritoneum present. Nuptial tubercles fine, on head and back, on pectoral and pelvic fins and sometimes on the caudal fin. Dark green or green-brown dorsally becoming silvery white or cream ventrally. The lower fins of the males become yellow or yellow-orange during spawning period (Ref. 1998). Dorsal fin usually with 9 rays; anal fin with 8 rays; 48-72, usually 51-62, scales on back from head to dorsal fin; 64-79, usually 66-75, scales on lateral line; and 12-20 scales above lateral line (Ref. 86798).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Mot 深地身體, 最大的高度 16.6%(TL), 腹面逐漸地在成熟的個體中圓的。 頭部中等長度的, 它的長度 22.8%(TL); 眼小的當成魚時,17.6% 的頭長, 但是比較大的當幼魚時 7.6 公分長, 當 25.2% 的頭長; 成魚的吻長又 33.1% 頭長; 眼間骨寬度 29.6% 的頭長; 嘴大的, 在眼的前緣之下向後延伸到。 所有的鰭清澈的。 腹鰭腋窩的羽翼突起通常一個脊。 腹膜呈現。 珠星細的, 在頭部與背部上, 在胸鰭與腹鰭上與有時在尾鰭上。 深綠色或綠色的-褐色背面變成銀白色或腹側乳黃色。 雄性的下面鰭在產卵時期的時候變成黃色或橘黃色。
Found in lakes, pools and occasionally in runs of small to large rivers. Large individuals occur in deep water (Ref. 5723, 86798). Feeds on fishes, terrestrial insects, plankton, aquatic insect larvae, and crustaceans while inshore; feeds mostly on fishes while offshore (Ref. 1998). Male squawfish, prickly sculpins, and newts prey on the eggs (Ref. 1998). Edible but not well appreciated (1998).
出現於湖, 池塘而且偶見於小型到大型河川的小支流。 吃魚，地球上的人昆蟲，浮游生物，水生的昆蟲幼生與甲殼動物當在岸邊時; 大部分捕食魚當離岸時。 (參考文獻 1998) 雄性大型食用淡水魚，多刺的杜父魚科的河魚, 而且捕食蠑螈的卵.(參考文獻 1998) 可食用的但是不受喜愛.(1998)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
A female is surrounded by males close to the bottom; eggs and sperm are released at the same time and eggs settle in the gravel.北美洲: 太平洋的流域從加拿大英屬哥倫比亞的 Nass 河到美國內華達州的哥倫比亞河; 在美國的奧勒岡州的 Harney 河流域; 在加拿大的在卑詩省與亞伯達的和平河流域 (北極流域)。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2012
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00440 - 0.02607), b=3.02 (2.80 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 4.2 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 13.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.08-0.21).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
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