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> Atheriniformes (Silversides) > Atherinopsidae (Neotropical silversides) > Menidiinae
Etymology: Menidia: Greek, menoeides, -es, -es = like a half noon shape (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Hubbs & Raney.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

; sötvatten pelagiska; pH range: 6.6 - 6.8. Temperate; 35°N - 34°N

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

North America: occurs only in the Lake Waccamaw in North Carolina, USA.

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m 3.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5723); common length : 4.8 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 12193); rapporterad maxålder: 3.00 år (Ref. 12193)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10 - 17; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 16 - 22; Ryggkotor: 41 - 45. Silvery-white with black melanophores surrounding each scale on the dorsal two-thirds of the body. The dorsal half of the body is almost translucent.

Usually occur in large schools near surface in open water, over dark sandy bottom (Ref. 35360). Well adapted to a life of heavy predation (Ref. 35360). Frequent skipping over the water surface is observed apparently in avoidance of predators (Ref. 35360).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Based on otolith data, these species spawn after their first winter and that only a small segment of the population lives through the second winter (Ref. 35360).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Sårbar, se IUCNs rödlista (VU) (D2); Date assessed: 01 March 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell; bete: usually

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer

Ecology
Ekologi

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
Reproduktion
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Larver
Larvdynamik

Distribution
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Anatomy
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Hjärnstorlek
Otoliths

Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
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Visual pigment(s)
Fiskljud
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
Genetik
Electrophoreses
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Human related
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Vattenbruksprofiler
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Stamps, coins, misc.

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Taxonomy
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References
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Verktyg

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.41 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=1.04-1.36; tmax=3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Menidia extensa Hubbs & Raney, 1946