分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); smithi: Named after a prominent vertebrate zoologist, Dr. Philip W. Smith (Ref. 10294).
Eponymy: Philip Wayne Smith (1921–1986) was a herpetologist and ichthyologist at the Illinois Natural History Survey (1953–1979). He is best known for his two monographs: The Amphibians and Reptiles of Illinois (1961) and The Fishes of Illinois (1979). (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性. 亞熱帶的; 38°N - 35°N
North America: occurs only in the lower Cumberland (below Caney Fork) and lower Tennessee River (in lower Duck River and downstream) drainages in Kentucky and Tennessee, USA.
北美洲: 出現在肯塔基州與美國田納西州只在康勃蘭 (在 Caney Fork 之下) 下游與田納西河下游河 (在鴨子河下游與下游中) 中流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.2 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 4.1 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年龄: 2.00 年 (Ref. 12193)
Inhabit rocky pools of headwaters, creeks and small rivers, and rocky margins of medium-sized rivers and impoundments (Ref. 5723); also found in streams (Ref. 10294). Adults feed on midge, mayfly, and immature caddisfly, with copepods and other microcrustaceans (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone and guarded by males (Ref. 7043).
栖息于河川源头,小溪与小河的岩石的水池 , 与中等大小河与圈围水域的岩石边缘。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are found clustered on underside of stone (Ref. 7043). Males guard the eggs (Ref. 7043).北美洲: 出現在肯塔基州與美國田納西州只在康勃蘭 (在 Caney Fork 之下) 下游與田納西河下游河 (在鴨子河下游與下游中) 中流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00301 - 0.01516), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tmax=2; Fec=17-69).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
