分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Zoarcoidei (Eelpouts and pricklebacks)
鱸形目 (Eelpouts and pricklebacks) >
Anarhichadidae (Wolffishes)
狼鳚科 (Wolffishes)
Etymology: Anarhichas: Greek, anarhichaomai = to climb up.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 25 - 600 m (Ref. 35388), usually 100 - 400 m. 溫帶; 81°N - 42°N, 71°W - 59°E
Northwest Atlantic: western Greenland and Nova Scotia in Canada to Massachusetts in USA and perhaps to New Jersey, USA (Ref. 7251). Northeast Atlantic: Spitsbergen southward to Scandinavian coasts (to about Bergen, also Iceland and south-eastern coasts of Greenland.
西北大西洋: 對在美國中的麻薩諸塞州的格陵蘭西部與加拿大的新斯科舍省與也許到美國的紐澤西.(參考文獻 7251) 東北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島向南至北歐海岸 (到大約卑爾根, 也冰島與格陵蘭的東南方海岸。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 55.0, range 50 - 60 cm
Max length : 180 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 120 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4694); 最大體重: 27.9 kg (Ref. 40637)
Coloration greyish brown with many distinct spots on body and dorsal fin (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
顏色灰褐色的在身體與背鰭上有許多明顯的斑點.(參考文獻 35388)
Inhabits offshore waters over soft bottoms, often with boulders, from 25-590 m, but most common from 100-400 m (Ref. 4694). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds mainly on echinoderms, but also crustaceans, mollusks, fishes (Ref. 4694) and worms (Ref. 58426). In Barents sea, it reached at least 80 cm, age 9 years. Marketed fresh or as frozen fillets. Leather can be made of the skin (Ref. 35388).
棲息於在軟質底部上的離岸水域, 時常有大圓石, 從 25-590 公尺, 但是最常見的從 100-400 公尺.(參考文獻 4694) 底棲的.(參考文獻 58426) 主要吃棘皮動物，也吃甲殼動物，軟體動物 , 魚 (參考文獻 4694) 與蠕蟲。 (參考文獻 58426) 在巴倫支海，它達到.至少 80 公分, 9 歲數年。 生鮮地或如冷凍魚排在市場上銷售.。 皮革能是用皮膚做成的。 (參考文獻 35388)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawning happens between the months of September and January at 250 m depth. Females lay great egg bunches in nests built on the ground. The size of the eggs increases with the size of the female. Egg size 5-6 mm, larval length at hatching 21-24 mm.
西北大西洋: 對在美國中的麻薩諸塞州的格陵蘭西部與加拿大的新斯科舍省與也許到美國的紐澤西.(參考文獻 7251) 東北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島向南至北歐海岸 (到大約卑爾根, 也冰島與格陵蘭的東南方海岸。
Barsukov, V.V., 1986. Anarhichadidae. p. 1113-1116. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 3. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4694)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 0.6 - 7.6, mean 3.5 °C (based on 717 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5938 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00339 (0.00187 - 0.00615), b=3.19 (3.02 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.8 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.06-0.13; tm=8; Fec=4,200-35,200).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (80 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 8.11 [3.54, 32.55] mg/100g; Iron = 0.203 [0.091, 0.584] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [15.0, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.368 [0.214, 0.619] g/100g; Selenium = 39.4 [11.9, 113.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.93 [2.81, 30.45] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.569 [0.222, 1.133] mg/100g (wet weight);
