Teleostei >
Gobiiformes (Gobies)
鱸形目 (Gobies) >
Eleotridae (Bully sleepers)
塘鱧科 (Bully sleepers)
Etymology: Gobiomorus: Latin, gobius = gudgeon + Greek, moros = silly, stupid (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 46888). 熱帶; 22°C - 29°C (Ref. 36880); 33°N - 5°S, 98°W - 35°W (Ref. 117424)
Western Central Atlantic: Southern Florida and southern Texas in USA to eastern Brazil. Eastern Central Atlantic: Macias Nguema (Fernando Po).
西方人對中大西洋東部: 中西大西洋: 佛羅里達南部與德克薩斯南部在美國到巴西東部。 中東大西洋: Macias Nguema(Fernando 波河).
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 11344); common length : 36.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大體重: 7.5 kg (Ref. 11344)
背棘 (總數) : 7; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9; 臀棘: 1; 臀鰭軟條: 9.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Adults occur in fresh water, often well inland. Found over sand streams, usually in current near cover (Ref. 86798). Inhabits larger free flowing clear water streams (Ref. 11225). They lie mostly on the bottom in slower moving part of streams, sometimes on logs or large stones and on leaf debris or gravel (Ref. 11225). A carnivorous and benthic fish that relies on its sluggish behavior and cryptic coloration (Ref. 36880). Feeds on all greater invertebrates and regularly also fish (Ref. 92840).
成魚出現在淡水, 時常相當深入內陸。 棲息於比較大的自由流動的清澈水域溪流。 (參考文獻 11225) 他們大部份在溪流的比較慢的移動部份中的底部上位於, 有時在圓木或大的石頭與樹葉碎片或礫石上.(參考文獻 11225) 仰賴它的緩動性行為與善於隱藏的顏色取得甲殼類動物和魚類的一個肉食性與底棲的魚.(參考文獻 36880)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西方人對中大西洋東部: 中西大西洋: 佛羅里達南部與德克薩斯南部在美國到巴西東部。 中東大西洋: Macias Nguema(Fernando 波河).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 February 2019
人類使用
漁業: 潛在的興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 26.4 - 28.3, mean 27.5 °C (based on 395 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00434 - 0.01667), b=3.04 (2.86 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.6 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
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