分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes)
魨形目 (Puffers and filefishes) >
Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
單棘魨科 (Filefishes)
Etymology: Monacanthus: Greek, monos = one + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Mitchill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 3790). 亞熱帶的; 52°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Newfoundland (Canada), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Argentina, including the Caribbean (Ref. 3790). Eastern Atlantic.
西大西洋: 紐芬蘭 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷, 包括加勒比海.(參考文獻 3790) 東大西洋。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 10.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3790)
背棘 (總數) : 2; 背的軟條 (總數) : 29 - 37; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 28 - 36. Snout prominently projecting but not very elongate; first dorsal spine originating above posterior part of eye; adult males with two pairs of enlarged recurved spines on each side of caudal peduncle; spines of females only slightly larger than other scale spinules of caudal peduncle (Ref. 13442).
吻顯著突出但是不是非常長; 第一背鰭棘開始在眼的較後面的部分上面; 在尾柄的每個側邊上雄性成魚有兩對的增大後彎的棘; 雌性的棘只些微地尾柄的大於其他鱗片小刺.(參考文獻 13442)
Occurs in shallow water down to 50 m depth, over sandy and rocky bottoms, but more commonly in grass beds (Ref. 3790). Often seen moving head down among seagrass blades (Ref. 9710). The young are often associated with floating Sargassum (Ref. 3720). Feeds on plants and algae, and also on small crustaceans (Ref. 3720). Rarely consumed (Ref. 3790).
出現於淺水區向下至 50 公尺深,遍及沙與岩石的底部, 但是更通常在草床.(參考文獻 3790) 時常出現在海草葉片之中頭部向下移動.(參考文獻 9710) 幼魚是時常伴隨著漂浮的 馬尾藻 。 (參考文獻 3720) 吃植物與藻類 , 以及吃小的甲殼類動物。 (參考文獻 3720) 很少消費了。 (參考文獻 3790)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 紐芬蘭 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷, 包括加勒比海.(參考文獻 3790) 東大西洋。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 September 2014
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.7 - 28, mean 25.6 °C (based on 440 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00902 - 0.02114), b=2.87 (2.74 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 35.8 [14.4, 118.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.713 [0.328, 1.784] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.3, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.162 [0.073, 0.328] g/100g; Selenium = 15.5 [6.4, 37.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38.6 [9.1, 169.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.952 [0.572, 1.628] mg/100g (wet weight);
