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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Otolithoides: Greek, ous, oto = ear + Greek, lithos = stone + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; مهاجرة بين الياه الملحه و الحلوة لكن ليس للتزاوج (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 27°N - 1°N, 61°E - 120°E
Indo-West Pacific: Pakistan and along the coasts of India and Sri Lanka to the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and Viet Nam.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 160 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9772); common length : 100.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9772); العمر: 6 سنين (Ref. 72458)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 9 - 10; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 27 - 32; شوكة شرجية: 2; أشعه شرجية لينه: 6 - 7.
Found in coastal and inshore waters. Feeds on small fishes and invertebrates. An important foodfish. Sold fresh and dried salted (swim bladder) in markets.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Lal Mohan, R.S., 1984. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3490)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 546 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00444 - 0.00984), b=3.00 (2.88 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.63 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.14-0.5; tmax=6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 81.6 [38.0, 170.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.873 [0.409, 1.635] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.7, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.129 [0.061, 0.257] g/100g; Selenium = 103 [47, 228] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.76 [2.01, 23.24] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.654 [0.435, 1.009] mg/100g (wet weight);