Lingkungan: lingkungan / zona iklim / kisaran kedalaman / jangkauan distribusi
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); nir-ruaya (Ref. 13730); kisaran kedalaman 0 - 3 m (Ref. 123650). Temperate
Southwest Pacific: throughout New Zealand.
Panjang pada saat jatuh tempo pertama / Ukuran / Berat / umur
Kematangan: Lm 5.5  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 13730)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 24 - 27; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 11 - 13; Duri dubur: 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 24 - 26; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 42 - 44. Spines of first dorsal fin high, often as high as second dorsal, with posterior spines longer than anterior. Supraorbital tentacles simple. No sensory papillae on frontal, temporal and upper
part of otic areas. Dorsal fin formula V-0N-0-1-0-1. Ten procurrent rays in upper caudal lobe, 9 in lower lobe; in upper lobe, 1 procurrent ray between upper lobe and posterior epural, 5 opposite epurals, 1 between anterior epural and neural spine of second preural, 2 anterior to neural spine of third preural vertebra; in lower lobe, 8 procurrent rays opposite haemal spine of second preural vertebra, 1 opposite haemal spine of third vertebra.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); Adults occur in estuaries and lower reaches of rivers and streams (Ref. 13227) where
there is cover from rocks and submerged trees (Ref. 84085). They are also widespread on coastal rocky sea shores, on open coasts, bays, harbours, and inlets (Ref. 13730). Eggs are hemispherical and covered with numerous sticky threads that anchor them in the algae on the nesting sites (Ref. 240). Larvae are planktonic which occur primarily in shallow, nearshore waters (Ref. 94114).
Males are strongly territorial,establishing and defefending spawning areas. This behavior may persist beyond the breeding months (Ref, 13730). Eggs are laid on firm surface such as a rock or the inside of a shell in a single layer (Ref. 13730).
Fricke, R., 1994. Tripterygiid fishes of Australia, New Zealand and the southwest Pacific Ocean (Teleostei). Theses Zool. 24:1-585. (Ref. 13227)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimasi berdasarkan model
Indeks keanekaragaman filogenetik (Acuan
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00617 (0.00290 - 0.01310), b=3.04 (2.86 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Tingkat Trofik (Acuan
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Acuan
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Kerentanan Penangkapan Ikan (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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