-
- About this page
- Languages
- User feedbacks
- Citation
- Uploads
-
Related species
- Species in
Hoplias - Species in
Erythrinidae - - Classification -
- Erythrinidae
- Characiformes
- Teleostei
- Chordata
- Animalia
- Species in
-
Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794)
Trahira
Upload your photos and videos
Pictures | Google image
Hoplias malabaricus
Picture by Roselet, F.F.G.
Pictures | Google image
Picture by Roselet, F.F.G.
Classification / Names Nomi Comuni | Sinonimi | Catalog of Fishes(Genere, Specie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Characiformes (Characins) > Erythrinidae (Trahiras)
Etymology: Hoplias: Greek, hoplon = weapon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Etymology: Hoplias: Greek, hoplon = weapon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia
; acqua dolce benthopelagico; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 4 - 25; potamodromo (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 20°C - 26°C (Ref. 2060); 11°N - 35°S, 85°W - 35°W
Distribuzione Stati | Aree FAO | Ecosystems | Presenze | Point map | Introduzioni | Faunafri
Central and South America: Costa Rica to Argentina in most rivers basins.
Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 17 - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 111518); peso massimo pubblicato: 3.8 kg (Ref. 111518)
Max length : 65.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 111518); peso massimo pubblicato: 3.8 kg (Ref. 111518)
Occurs in diverse habitats from free flowing clear water streams, well up into the valleys, to slow turbid waters, water courses, irrigation and drainage ditches, and ponds on the plains (Ref. 11225). Rests in vegetation during the day and is active at night (Ref. 6858). Adults feed on fish; juveniles feed on crustacean and insect larvae (Ref. 26543), shrimps and other small invertebrates (Ref. 12225). Spawn in pits located in shallow water at a temperature of about 26°C (Ref. 205). Males guard the nests even after the eggs have hatched (Ref. 205). Reaches more than 3 kg (Mark Fitzgerald, pers. comm., 2001). Live fish are difficult to handle and potentially dangerous because of their sharp teeth, strong jaws, and slippery bodies.
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Eggs are fertilized in the cupped anal fin of the female. When the eggs get sticky, they are dropped into a pit which will be guarded by the male even until after the eggs have hatched (Ref. 205).
Main reference
Upload your references | Bibliografia | Coordinatore : Oyakawa, Osvaldo T. | Collaboratori
Planquette, P., P. Keith and P.-Y. Le Bail, 1996. Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 1. Collection du Patrimoine Naturel Volume 22, MNHN, Paris & INRA, Paris. 429 p. (Ref. 12225)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 April 2019
CITES
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Other
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale; Acquacoltura: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Acquari pubblici
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
Informazioni ulteriori
Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Reclutamento
Abbondanza
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Reclutamento
Abbondanza
Life cycle
Riproduzione
Maturità
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Deposizione
Spawning aggregations
Uova
Egg development
Larve
Dinamica popolazioni larvali
Riproduzione
Maturità
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
Deposizione
Spawning aggregations
Uova
Egg development
Larve
Dinamica popolazioni larvali
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Body composition
Nutrients
Oxygen consumption
Swimming type
Swimming speed
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Profili di acquacoltura
Varietà
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Aquaculture systems
Profili di acquacoltura
Varietà
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Strumenti
Bio-Quiz | E-book | Giuda pratica | Generatore frequenze di lunghezza | Strumento Parametri Biologici | Mappa dei ritrovamenti | Classification Tree
| Catch-MSY |
Special reports
Download XML
Fonti Internet
AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genere, Specie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Database Nazionali | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, ricerca | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00751 - 0.01058), b=3.10 (3.05 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilienza (Ref. 120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.08).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 61.6 [25.6, 142.6] mg/100g; Iron = 1.1 [0.6, 2.5] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.2, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.324 [0.133, 0.812] g/100g; Selenium = 90.5 [35.2, 203.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 65.9 [24.2, 183.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.8, 1.5] mg/100g (wet weight);