Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 10 - 150 m (Ref. 6943), usually 20 - 75 m (Ref. 6943). Subtropical
Eastern Atlantic: Cape Blanc and Levrier Bay, Mauritania south to Angola. Two records in the Mediterranean.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5476); common length : 17.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5476)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 11; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 1 - 24; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 16 - 17.
Coastal species (Ref. 27000). Prefer hard or rocky substrate, also trawled on sandy or muddy bottoms (Ref. 6943). Solitary or comes in pairs when adults, possibly gregarious when young. Feed on bottom invertebrates (Ref. 6759). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Maugé, L.A., 1990. Chaetodontidae. p. 837-840. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6943)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
خطر للأنسان
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير ذات اهمية; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.2 - 27.9, mean 25.3 °C (based on 112 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02291 (0.01133 - 0.04632), b=3.00 (2.83 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 40.3 [17.9, 87.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.66 [0.36, 1.16] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.3, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.201 [0.112, 0.357] g/100g; Selenium = 20.2 [9.4, 40.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29 [7, 117] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.719 [0.455, 1.103] mg/100g (wet weight);
