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Alburnus chalcoides (Güldenstädt, 1772)

Danube bleak
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Alburnus chalcoides
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> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Leuciscinae
Etymology: Alburnus: From the city of Al Bura, where the fish was known (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

; 新鮮な水; 汽水性の 底生の漂泳性; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Temperate; 5°C - 20°C (Ref. 12468); 61°N - 38°N, 9°E - 55°E

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Europe and Asia: Caspian (mostly western to southern coast, rarely found in Ural and Volga). Populations from Aral Sea basin might belong to this species (Ref. 59043). Reported from the Black Sea basin (Ref. 58342).

サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 556); common length : 20.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 1441); common length :28 cm TL (female)

簡単な記述 検索表 | 形態学 | 形態計測学

脊つい: 42 - 45. Diagnosed from its congeners in Caspian and Black Sea basin by having the following characters: anal fin origin about 1½ -2½ scales behind last branched dorsal ray; lateral line with 54-65 + 4-5 scales; anal fin rays with 13-15½ branched rays; 18-23 gill rakers; ventral keel exposed for 8-12 scales in front of anus (up to almost 80% of distance between anus and pelvic base); head length 20-24% SL; predorsal length 52-56% SL; caudal peduncle depth 1.9-2.4 times in its length; nuptial males with few, large tubercles; lacking dark midlateral stripe. Morphology is variable which has been considered to be an adaptation to different habitats, but data suggest that this is probably due to several species being confused under this species (Ref. 59043).

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Inhabit lower reaches of rives, coastal lakes, estuaries, and brackish areas of sea. Occur close to surface and tolerate salinities up to 14 ppt. Adults predominantly prey on planktonic crustaceans, terrestrial insects and small fish while larvae and young juveniles feed on zooplankton, algae and insect larvae. Spawn in small rivers or streams with heavy current on gravel bottom. Landlocked populations found in reservoirs spawn in reservoir tributaries (Ref. 59043). Eastern populations migrate upstream for spawning (Ref. 13696). Males assemble and wait at the spawning grounds for ripe females, which arrive later. Deposit sticky eggs which adhere on pebbles or stones. Embryonic development lasts 2-3 days, with larvae first staying among gravel for 8-11 days, then actively migrating to shallows and backwaters. Adults migrate back to sea, lakes or estuaries soon after spawning to forage. Young juvenile undertake downriver migration in autumn of same year or next spring. Due to dam constructions, almost all long-distance migrating populations lost as they were unable to reach spawning sites. Survive in small water courses and as landlocked populations in some reservoirs. Populations are expected to decline and to further decline due to expanding hydroelectric development and strong ecological impacts on Caspian sea (Ref. 59043).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生

Males assemble and wait at the spawning grounds for ripe females, which arrive later. Deposit sticky eggs which adhere on pebbles or stones. Embryonic development lasts 2-3 days, with larvae first staying among gravel for 8-11 days, then actively migrating to shallows and backwaters. Adults migrate back to sea, lakes or estuaries soon after spawning to forage. Young juvenile undertake downriver migration in autumn of same year or next spring (Ref. 59043).

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435)

  軽度懸念 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 January 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Harmless





Human uses

水産業: 商業; 水産養殖: 商業
FAO - 水産業: landings; Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00617 (0.00518 - 0.00734), b=3.12 (3.09 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.41 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  手段, １．４年～４．４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tm=2-5; tmax=9; K=0.10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (63 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.